SPINNING COTTON
[EIRI/EDPR/1352/J.C.9924,116]
INTRODUCTION
No one really knows for certain when man took weaving cloths. It is know Adam and Eve knew of their nakedness when they had eaten the fruit of knowledge. They then made approus of fig leaves to cover their nudity. Be that as it may, the first evidence we have of cloth being used is during neolithic age (6000 years ago) when we find that the strands of animal and vegetable fibre were made into thread by twisting by hand, the thread plaited together and then woven into a simple pit-loom into cloth. Fragment of such plaited cloth have been found in Switzerland. In India, perhaps, it happened likewise but we have nothing on record. According to the sacred texts of the Vedas the basic apparel continued to comprise of Antaria (lower garment) and Uttaria (upper garment) both unstitched but in addition men and woman began to a kayaband (sash) to hold up Antaria. A Urinisoe (turban) began to be worn as head gear.
The commonness continued to wear the antaria, uttaria and kayabandha though some took to stitched garments as they found then more convenient. The stitched garments which had began to find during the rule of kushau now become the accepted from of dress.
The gupta age could also boost of being able to produce the finest and very conceivable kind of textiles and the art of dyeing too had become highly sophisticated. The guptas attained the height of their glory under Chandra Gupta I in whose time the great poet and dramatist wrote his immortal classical plays in Sanskrit like Shakuntala.
India is world famous for her beautiful textile and exquisite designs for centuries. The brains that conceived these were active to imprint on these cloths the choicest design which would be keeping with Indian taste and back ground.
The original of the cotton textile industry, the largest single industry in the country dates back to 1818 when the first cotton mill was established at Fort Gloster near Calcutta. In India, cotton has had a pride of place among cash crops from the earliest times. At present, the area under cotton crop is over 8 million hectares.
The open end spinning method is one of the latest technological developments in spinning of yarn and is being greatly used all over the World because of its numerous advantages. The production rate with open end process is very high. The yarn produced by this method is more even in linear density and strength which results in lower breakage rate and higher labour productivity in weaving process later on. Among the classification of yarn manufacturing methods for conversion of staple fibre 100% or True twist Two methods are now in voque.
Ring spinning and open end spinning, open end spinning is further classed among the category of Rotor, Vortex, Friction and Electrostatic. A part from use of fresh cotton a large waste of cotton is available from textile mills such as sweepings and fly waste etc. Such waste cotton is utilised for manufacture of 6'S canil cotton yarn for manufacture of textile articles which have good market indigenously as well as outside.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 50 MT/Day
Land & Building (7500 sq.mt.) Rs. 8.07 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 8.51 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 21.59 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 38.52 Cr
Rate of Return 34%
Break Even Point 40%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
USES AND APPLICATIONS
PROPERTIES
GROWTH POTENTIALITIES & REMEDIAL MEASURE
TO BOOST COTTON SPINNING IN GUJARAT/INDIA
INDIAN STANDARDS SPECIFICATION
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
PROCESS FLOW SHEET OPERATIONS
OTHER RELATED INFORMATIONS
TREATMENT OF COTTON
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING A COTTON/RAYON BLENDED YARN
COTTON STICKINESS EVALUATION BY MEANS OF
MULTI-TEMPERATURE TESTING
METHOD OF REDUCING THE STICKINESS OF COTTON FIBERS
SPINNING PREPARATION MACHINE
FIBER-DISINTEGRATING UNIT FOR A SPINNING MACHINE
PROCESS OF STORING COTTON
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SPINDLE SPINNING OR TWISTING
PROPOSED ENERGY EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT
SUPPLY OF RAW MATERIALS
PLANT & MACHINERY IMPORTED PLANT AND MACHINERIES
SUPPLIERS OF TEXTILES
PLANT LAYOUT
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
