BIO COAL (CAP: 30 MT/DAY)
[EIRI/EDPR/4478] J.C.: 2693XL
Every year millions of tons of agricultural wastes and forest residues are generated. These are either wasted or burnt inefficiently in their loose form causing air pollution. Handing and transportation of these materials is difficult due to their low bulk density. These wastes can provide renewable source of energy by converting in to high density fuel Briquettes without addition of any binder.
Biomass can also refer to our newest source of renewable energy and the best way to recycle biological matter.
All plants, including those from the sea and other water bodies, are considered to be biomass. Though, usually, the term refers to what they leave behind that we do not use for food or materials. For example, straw, corncobs, husks, animal waste, garbage, and other things that we usually throw away and forget about.
These materials are not useless, as most people believe them to be. Although they are the left-over pieces from industrial processes and natural waste, they can be used for many different uses. And though most people wouldn't think it, these are the key to creating a better world and a better future.
Biomass is all of the matter which is organic, contains carbon, and has gone through photosynthesis and other processes. Biomass is mostly made up of plants which make use of the light from the sun to create energy through photosynthesis many of the developing countries produce huge quantities of agro residues but they are used inefficiently causing extensive pollution to the environment. The major residues are rice husk, coffee husk, coir pith, jute sticks, bagasse, groundnut shells, mustard stalks and cotton stalks. Sawdust, a milling residue is also available in huge quantity.
Apart from the problems of transportation, storage, and handling, the direct burning of loose biomass in conventional grates is associated with very low thermal efficiency and widespread air pollution. The conversion efficiencies are as low as 40% with particulate emissions in the flue gases in excess of 3000 mg/ Nm In addition, a large percentage of un burnt carbonaceous ash has to be disposed of. In the case of rice husk, this amounts to more than 40% of the feed burnt. Most of this biomass goes to waste by being dumped into landfills and even burned, which causes air pollution. Instead of making use of the precious land that we have and polluting the air, we can use biomass to create energy and fuel, as well as feed and other agricultural necessities.
Biomass is definitely a great way to help fix our earth. It is completely natural, and we can use it for fuel biomass, and many other things. There are many ways that we can get this biomass and use it to its full capacity. First of all, we should collect the residue that comes from agricultural and forestry processes. This can be used for manure, fuel, and even feed stock. Industrial waste such as used fuel can be reused to create more fuel that can be used in other fields.
The great thing about biomass is that it can be grown for our needs. Growing plants to use as biomass will not only give us biomass to use, but it will also help clean out our land and air resources.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 30 MT/Day
Land & Building (4000 sq.mt.) Rs. 2.88 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 72.50 Lac
Working Capital for 3 Months Rs. 2.29 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 6.28 Cr
Rate of Return 23%
Break Even Point 64%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT USES
CONCEPT AND TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY
BRIQUETTES ARE CHEAPER THAN COAL
BENEFITS AND APPLICATION OF BIOMASS BRIQUETTES
BENEFITS OF BIOMASS BRIQUETTES
COST
STORAGE AND HANDLING
POLLUTION
EFFICIENCY
PROPERTIES OF BIOCOAL
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
IMPORTANCE OF NAPIER GRASS AS COMPARE TO OTHER BIOMASS
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF BIOCOAL
CALORIFIC VALUE OF RAW MATERIALS
COMPOSITION OF BIOMASS BRIQUETTESWITH OTHER FOSSIL FUEL
FUTURE OF NAPIER AS BIO FUEL
SIGNIFICANCE OF NAPIER GRASS
MARKET OVERVIEW OF BIO COAL
ENERGY FROM AGRO WASTE (BRIQUETTING OF BIOMASS)
WHY BIO-MASS BRIQUETTE?
MARKET POTENTIAL OF COAL
COAL USE FORECAST, 2024
COAL PHASE-OUT – BAN COAL MOVEMENT
LOW-COST COMES AT A HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL COST
HOW URGENT IS TO PHASE OUT COAL?
THE MOVE TO RENEWABLES:
VARIOUS OPTION OF BIOMASS
1. RICE HUSK
2. SAW DUST
3. BAGASSE
4. GROUNDNUT SHELL
5. AGRICULTURAL WASTE
6. FOREST WASTE
7. WOOD BIOMASS
MARKETABILITY OF BIO COAL
BOILERS:
FURNACE & FOUNDRIES:
BRICK KILNS:
RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL HEATING:
TRAINING AND VIABILITY
MARKET AND CONSUMERS
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS & EXPORTERS OF BIO COAL BRIQUETTES
COAL BRIQUETTES
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
PROCESS FLOW SHEET
PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
MBTC 1TH GENERATION TECHNOLOGY
PROCESS BLOCK DIAGRAM
STEP 1
1. THE BRIQUETTING TECHNOLOGY IS BASED ON COMPACTION MECHANISM
BRIQUETTING PROCESS
STEP 2
BRIQUETTES ENRICHMENT PROCESS
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
QUOTATION OF BIOMASS BRIQUETTING MACHINE –JUMBO 90
OVER ALL SUPPLY 415 VOLTS + - 10% IN WORKING
APPROXIMATELY AVERAGE DATA OF CONTINUOUS RUNNING OF BRIQUETTING PLANT
KEY FEATURES OF BRIQUETTING MACHINE
BENEFITS OF OUR BRIQUETTING PLANT
TECHNICAL BRIEF OF MAIN MACHINE SPARES
BRIQUETTING MACHINE JUMBO -90 SPECIFICATION (RONAK ENGINEERING SCOPE)
TESTING METHOD AND STANDARD
A) GCV (GROSS CALORIFIC VALUE):
B) MOISTURE CONTENT:
C) ASH CONTENT:
D) HGI (HARDGROVE GRINDABILITY INDEX):
E) FINES %:
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
STORAGE LAYOUT:
EQUIPMENT LAYOUT:
SAFETY:
PLANT EXPANSION:
FLOOR SPACE:
UTILITIES SERVICING:
BUILDING:
MATERIAL-HANDLING EQUIPMENT:
RAILROADS AND ROADS:
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
PRIMARY FACTORS
1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
2. MARKETS:
3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
4. WATER SUPPLY:
5. CLIMATE:
SPECIFIC FACTORS
6. TRANSPORTATION:
A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES
7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
8. LABOR:
9. REGULATORY LAWS:
10. TAXES:
11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
1. DEPRECIATION:
2. FIXED ASSETS:
3. WORKING CAPITAL:
4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
6. MARGIN MONEY:
7. TOTAL LOAD:
8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT HANDLING
PROJECT SCHEDULING
PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
TIME SCHEDULE
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENTS FOR BIO COAL BRIQUETTES
SUPPLIERS OF HAMMER MILLS
SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIAL
SUPPLIERS OF RICE HUSK
SUPPLIERS OF SAW DUST
SUPPLIERS OF COCONUT SHELL
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)