SURGICAL METHYLATED SPIRIT
[EIRI/EDPR/1619] J.C.: 422
INTRODUCTION
The most widely used antiseptics and disinfectants are alcohols, chlorine containing compounds, elemental and organic iodine preparations, inorganic and organic mercurials, inorganic and organic preparations of silver, quaternary ammonium compounds, phenolic compounds, boric acid and other borates, oxidising agents and aldehyde derivatives. The aliphatic alcohols have varying degrees of antiseptic and disinfecting activity. Those most widely used are ethyl and isopropyl alcohol. Normal propyl alcohol has considerable bactericidal activity but is seldom used as an antiseptic. Methyl alcohol has no place in antiseptics. Benzyl alcohol is present as a bacteriostatic agent in a number of parenteral preparations. Alcohols are applied to the skin to reduce local bacterial flora prior to penetration with needles or other sharp instruments and as a preoperative wash. The disinfecting action of alcohol can be enhenced to a considerable degree by gentle rubbing of the skin with sterile gauge, while the alcohol is being applied. Ethyl alcohol is the most widely used agent for disinfection of the skin and is one of the better bactericides because it acts rapidly by coagulating protein. The 70% aqueous solution is more effective in reducing the surface tension of bactorial cells than undiluted alcohol which precipitates protoplasm on the priphery of the cell and thus tends to retard penetration of the agent. In surgery the skin is cleaned with a nonflammable defatting agent prior to applications of alcohol. Ethyl alcohol is not sporicidal in any concentration, therefore it is not useful for sterilization of instruments. This antiseptic is undesirable for disinfecting wounds because it causes tissue irritation, painful burning and stinging. Alcohol also precipitates protein which forms a coagulated mass in which bacteria may grew. Rubbing alcohol contain about 70% (BY volume) of ethyl alcohol. It possesses cleansing and lubricant properties and is used as a rubefecient and skin conditioner for bedridden patients. Surgical methylated spirit contain, ethyl alcohol as active constituent for use in hospitals performing surgery and treatment of various patients.
The term spirit or "Industrial alcohol" is used for brevity and also because it differentiates sharply between alcohol used for beverages or for medicine and alcohol used for technical purposes in the arts, surgical methylated spirit are chemicals of liquid consistency mainly used by surgeons, physicians and other persons in medical profession as an antiseptic measure. Surgical methylated spirit requirement is directly related to the extension of the medical facilities in the country. The provision for medical and health educations increase in the number of beds, clinics, nursing homes etc. demand for surgical methylated spirit is increasing very fast simultaneously.
Methylated spirits ("metho") is a mixture of ethyl alcohol (95%) and methyl alcohol (5%). The methyl alcohol is poisonous and is added to prevent the methylated spirits being used as cheap drinking alcohol.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 10,000 Ltr./Day
Land & Building (2500 sq.mt.) Rs. 3.48 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 1.50 Cr
Working Capital for 1 Month Rs. 1.07 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 6.16 Cr
Rate of Return 26%
Break Even Point 52%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
ETHYL ALCOHOL
METHYL ALCOHOL
METHYLATED SPIRITS AS A FUEL
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WITH METHO
NAMES FOR METHYLATED SPIRITS AROUND THE WORLD
USES AND APPLICATION
SOME COMMON USES OF SURGICAL SPIRIT ARE:-
GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN THE REQUIRED LICENCE FOR MANUFACTURING METHYLATED SURGICAL SPIRIT
GENERAL PROPERTIES
IT IS DERIVED FROM:
THE FOLLOWING VARIOUS GRADES ARE AVAILABLE:-
RAW MATERIALS FOR SURGICAL METHYLATED SPIRIT
ETHANOL
METHANOL
IODOFORM
METHYL SALICYLATE
CASTOR OIL
B.I.S SPECIFICATIONS
MARKET SURVEY
PRODUCTION OF SURGICAL METHYLATED SPIRIT IN INDIA
FORMULATION OF SURGICAL METHYLATED SPIRIT
FORMULATION-1
FORMULATION-2
FORMULATION-3
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
PROCESS FLOW SHEET DIAGRAM
SAFETY DATA SHEET OF SURGICAL METHYLATED SPIRITS
SECTION 1: IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE OR MIXTURE AND
OF THE SUPPLIER
SECTION 2: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
SECTION 3: COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS:
SECTION 4: FIRST AID MEASURES:
DESCRIPTION OF NECESSARY FIRST AID MEASURES:
SECTION 5: FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA & METHODS:
SECTION 6: ACCIDENTAL RELEASE METHODS
SECTION 7: HANDLING AND STORAGE
SUBSECTION 1: HANDLING:
SUBSECTION 2: STORAGE:
SECTION 8: EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
SUBSECTION 1: WORKPLACE EXPOSURE GUIDELINES.
SECTION 9: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
SECTION 10: STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
SECTION 11: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ACUTE TOXICITY:
CHRONIC TOXICITY:
SECTION 12: ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
ECOTOXICITY IN WATER:
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK PHRASES:
SECTION 13: DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
SECTION 14: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
SECTION 15: REGULATORY INFORMATION
HSNO CLASSIFICATIONS:
HSNO CONTROLS:
TRIGGER QUANTITIES FOR THIS SUBSTANCE BY ITSELF IN A PLACE:
APPROVED HANDLER TEST CERTIFICATE:
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION:
LOCATION TEST CERTIFICATE:
HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE ZONE:
HSNO APPROVED CODES OF PRACTICE:
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR LABORATORY DISINFECTION
DEFINITIONS:
PRINCIPLE:
RISKS:
PROPER PPE:
REAGENTS AND SOLUTIONS:
ALCOHOLS
GLUTARALDEHYDE
IODOPHORS
CHLORINE
PHENOL
PROCEDURE:
NON-ROUTINE DISINFECTION:
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
PRIMARY FACTORS
1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
2. MARKETS:
3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
4. WATER SUPPLY:
5. CLIMATE:
SPECIFIC FACTORS
6. TRANSPORTATION:
7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
8. LABOR:
9. REGULATORY LAWS:
10. TAXES:
11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
1. DEPRECIATION:
2. FIXED ASSETS:
3. WORKING CAPITAL:
4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
6. MARGIN MONEY:
7. TERM LOANS:
8. TOTAL LOAD:
9. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
PLANT LAYOUT
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
CASTOR OIL
METHYL SALICYLATE
INDUSTRIAL ALCOHOL
PACKAGING MATERIALS
LAB TESTING CHEMICALS
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERIES
LABORATORY TESTING EQUIPMENTS
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
BACTERIA PROOF FILTER
LABELLING MACHINE
MIXER (GLASS LINED)
AIR HANDLING UNIT
DEIONISER
S.S. STORAGE TANKS
BOTTLES WASHER
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
