PRINTING PRESS
[CODE NO. 5030]
Printing is all around us. It is part of our lives twenty-four hours a day. Try to imagine our civilization without Printing. For example think about the first couple hours of your typical day. When the alarm rings you look of the clock to see the time. The face of the clock is printed. You strech and slide out from between printed sheets and go to the bathroom. There you are surrounded by printed sheets and go to the bathroom. There you are surrounded by printed materials, tooth paste tube, counter top, various bottles, containers paper products, shower curtain, soap wrappers, towels and possibly the wallpaper. Even your tooth brush and comb have been printing on them. The Pajama’s you take off and the clothes you put on may have been printed. When you go to the kitchen for breakfast you are again surrounded by printing. Cereal boxes, egg cartoons, orange juice containers milk cartoons, sugar packages and when the dished have been printed. Virtually every food product found in the kitchen is packaged or wrapped in printed materials. Some including fresh oranges may even have printed surfaces. When the wood grain on the kitchens cabinets and the pattern in the carpet may have been printed. As you see for school with your printed books, papers and lunch bag, you may pick up the morning paper which was printed just a few hours earlier. You may get on a bus that has printed advertisement displayed your car may have a printed instrument panel on the way to school you will find printed street signs, traffic signs and a multitude of other printed not so much the atomic age as the age of mass communication-better, faster, more efficient international communication; an age of which the atomic race is only aspect.` Visual communication' a term coined only recently embraces the graphic and typographic arts since the second world war the output and standard of printing have grown to an exentent no one could have possibly anticipated. The concept of a crude process used only for short runs is giving way to an appreciation of the special characteristics, effects and advantages of offset printing. New and unexpected applications in contemporary printing and graphic technology are being researched and applied almost daily.
Brief History
The invention of printing in the western world is credited to Johanes Gutenberg in 1450 A.D. however movable type was used to print on a press as early as 1041 AD by the chinese and later by the Japanese and Korean. What Gutenberg contributed to printing was the realization of its cultural and commercial possibilities and the introduction to western civilization of the Šintegrated concept of using movable type to print with ink on paper that's on a press. This elevated the publishing of books from the slow, laborious operations of handwriting by monastic scribes to be one of the most important inventions in the history of mankind, and one of the mainfactors advancing civilizations from the dark and middle ages. When knowledge was restricted to the privileged few, to the renaissance when education became available to all. From the hand set type of Gutenberg we have advanced through the industrial revolution to machine composition and in the electronic age to computer set type. There are four main printing process relief or letter press, intaglio or gravure i.e rotagravure, planographic or lithography i.e. offset; and stencil or porus printing i.e. screen printing. In the Planographic or lithographic process, the image and non-image areas are on the same plane and the difference between image and non image area is maintained by the physicochemical, principle that grease and water do not mix. The image area is grease-receptive and water repellent. The non-image are is water receptive and grease repellent. Therefore the ink adheres only to the image areas, from which it is transferred to the surface to be printed usually by the offset method. This process is used for printing general commercial literature,books catalogues, greeting cards, letterheads, business forms, checks, maps, art reproductions, labels, packages etc.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant capacity 22.40 LKH/day
Land & Building (1800 Sq.Mtr) Rs. 64.30 Lacs
Plant & Machinery Rs. 61.37 Lacs
W.C. for 3 Months Rs. 17.00 Lacs
Total Capital Investment Rs. 1.68 Cr
Rate of Return 13%
Break Even Point 70%
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PRINCIPLE OF OFFSET
3. OFFSET PRESS OPERATION
4. BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS SPECIFICATIONS
5. USES AND APPLICATION
6. MARKET SURVEY
7. MANUFACTURING PROCESS
8. PROCESS FLOW SHEET
9. PLANT LAYOUT
10. PLANT AND MACHINERIES SUPPLIERS
11. RAW MATERIALS SUPPLIERS
12. ADDRESSES OF PRESENT OFFSET PRINTERS
APPENDIX – A :
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
