ORGANIC DAIRY FARMING AND PRODUCING WHOLE MILK POWDER (WMP)
[EIRI/EDPR/0786] J.C.: MANNUAL
INTRODUCTION
Organic Dairying is an important source of subsidiary income to small/marginal farmers and agricultural laborers. The manure from animals provides a good source of organic matter for improving soil fertility and crop yields. The gober gas from the dung is used as fuel for domestic purposes as also for running engines for drawing water from well. The surplus fodder and agricultural by-products are gainfully utilized for feeding the animals. Almost all draught power for farm operations and transportation is supplied by bullocks. Since agriculture is mostly seasonal, there is a possibility of finding employment throughout the year for many persons through dairy farming. Thus, dairy also provides employment throughout the year. The main beneficiaries of dairy programmes are small/marginal farmers and landless laborers. A farmer can earn a gross surplus of about Rs. 12,000 per year from a unit consisting of 2 milking Cows. The capital investment required for purchase of 2 Cows is Rs. 25000/-. Even after paying a sum of Rs. 6000/- per annum towards repayment of the loan and interest the farmer can earn a net surplus of Rs. 6000 - 9000/- approximately per year. (For details see model scheme enclosed). Even more profits can be earned depending upon the breed of animal, managerial skills and marketing potential.
Organic Dairy Development
The Indian Dairy Industry has acquired substantial growth from the 1990 an annual output of over 100.9 million tones of milk at the end of 2006-07. India's milk output has not only placed the industry first in the world, but also represents sustained growth in the availability of milk and milk products.India still needs more milk to feed the growing population .
Dairy farming is a class of agricultural, or an animal husbandry, enterprise, for long-term production of milk, usually from dairy cows but also from goats and sheep, which may be either processed on-site or transported to a dairy factory for processing and eventual retail sale.
Most dairy farms sell the male calves born by their cows, usually for veal production, or breeding depending on quality of the bull calf, rather than raising non-milk-producing stock. Many dairy farms also grow their own feed, typically including corn, alfalfa, and hay. This is fed directly to the cows, or is stored as silage for use during the winter season.
History
Dairy farming has been part of agriculture for thousands of years. Historically it has been one part of small, diverse farms. In the last century or so larger farms doing only dairy production have emerged. Large scale dairy farming is only viable where either a large amount of milk is required for production of more durable dairy products such as cheese, butter, etc or there is a substantial market of people with cash to buy milk, but no cows of their own.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 2400 KG/Day
Land & Building Rs. 5.00 Lac
Plant & Machinery Rs. 35.00 Lac
Working Capital for 3 Months Rs. 2.33 Lac
Total Capital Investment Rs. 2.86 Lac
Rate of Return 13%
Break Even Point 63%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
ORGANIC DAIRY DEVELOPMENT
HISTORY
HAND MILKING
VACUUM BUCKET MILKING
STEP-SAVER MILK TRANSPORT
MILKING PIPELINE
MILKING PARLORS
RECESSED PARLORS
HERRINGBONE AND PARALLEL PARLORS
ROTARY PARLORS
AUTOMATIC MILKER TAKE-OFF
FULLY AUTOMATED ROBOTIC MILKING
HISTORY OF MILK PRESERVATION METHODS
REFRIGERATION
MILKING OPERATION
LIQUID MILK PROCESSING PLANT
MILK POWDER PLANT
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
LECITHINATION SYSTEM
QUALITY PARAMETERS OF MILK POWDER
SWEETENED CONDENSED MILK PLANT
THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING STAGES
PROCESS
ORGANIC MILK
MARKET & GROWTH DRIVERS
ESTIMATED TRADITIONAL INDIAN MILK PRODUCTS IN GLOBAL MARKET
GROWTH DRIVERS
TECHNOLOGY AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR ORGANIC MILK PRODUCTS
SUGGESTED PLANT CAPACITY & PROJECT COST
ESTIMATED PROJECT COST AND MEANS OF FINANCE
UTILITY
MAN POWER
PROJECT TIME LINE
FINANCIAL INDICATORS
KEY FINANCIAL INDICATORS
ANIMAL WASTE FROM LARGE DAIRIES
USE OF HORMONES
MANAGEMENT OF THE HERD
HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
MARKET
DETAILS OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE REQUIRED
INSURANCE
II. SELECTION OF ANIMAL:
III. FEEDING OF MILCH ANIMALS
IV. MILKING OF ANIMALS
V. PROTECTION AGAINST DISEASES
VI. BREEDING CARE
VII. CARE DURING PREGNANCY
VIII. MARKETING OF MILK
IX. CARE OF CALVES
MANURE SEPARATION FOR DIGESTER METHOD
A) DAIRY OPERATION BACKGROUND
B) GENERAL BACKGROUND
THE DRAWINGS
DESCRIPTIONS
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF HORN FLIES
DESCRIPTIONS
EXAMPLE 1
MANAGEMENT OF HONEYCOMB DEVICES
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE 3
EXAMPLE 4
EXAMPLE 5
EXAMPLE 6
METHOD OF ARTIFICIAL FEEDING
APPARATUS FOR LAGOON REMEDIATION
METHODS
DRAWINGS
DESCRIPTIONS
AGRICULTURAL INSTALLATION
ANAEROBIC LAGOON SLUDGE TREATMENT EXPERIMENT
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
ANAEROBIC BODY OF WATER INSTALLATION
RUMINAL FLUID INOCULATION OF CALVES
THE DRAWING
DESCRIPTIONS
MATERIALS AND METHODS
CALVES
BODY WEIGHT GAIN
SCOURS
RUMINAL FLUID
BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDE (BPS)
STATISTICS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
MIXING AND FEEDING MACHINE
THE DRAWINGS
DESCRIPTIONS
PROCESS FOR OPTIMIZING MILK PRODUCTION
THE DRAWINGS
DESCRIPTIONS
EXAMPLE 1
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
EXAMPLE 2
CONCLUSION:
EXAMPLE 4
ARRANGEMENT FOR KEEPING DAIRY ANIMALS CLEAN
METHODS
THE DRAWINGS
DESCRIPTIONS
FOR A HYGIENIC AND ADVANTAGEOUS MILK PRODUCTION IT IS DESIRABLE THAT:
METHOD FOR TREATING LIQUID WASTES FROM LIVESTOCK
DISCRIPTIONS
THE DRAWINGS
DESCRIPTIONS
DESCRIPTIONS OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
PROCESS FOR CONVERSION OF DAIRY COW WASTE TO BIOFUEL
METHODS
THE DRAWINGS
DESCRIPTIONS
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
TABLE 1
EXAMPLES
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS:
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS:
ETHANOL PRODUCTION
METHANE PRODUCTION
TABLE 2
CARBON DIOXIDE PRODUCTION
FERTILIZER PRODUCTION
INSTANT WHOLE MILK POWDER
METHOD OF PROCESSING SKIMMED MILK
METHODS
DESCRIPTIONS
DRY BUTTER-BASED FLAKE PRODUCT HAVING HIGH MILK SOLID CONTENT
THE DRAWINGS
DESCRIPTIONS
WHOLE MILK POWDER
INTRODUCTION
SEPARATION/STANDARDIZATION
PREHEATING
EVAPORATION
SPRAY DRYING
PACKAGING AND STORAGE
AGGLOMERATED POWDERS
INSTANT WHOLE MILK POWDER
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
APPLICATIONS
ADDRESSES OF MILK PROCESSING PLANTS
APPENDIX – A:
1. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)