NEEM OIL, CAKE & VERMICOMPOST (INTEGRATED UNIT)
[CODE NO.3401]
Neem oil is a vegetable oil pressed from the fruits and seeds of the neem (Azadirachta indica), an evergreen tree which is endemic to the Indian subcontinent and has been introduced to many other areas in the tropics. It is the most important of the commercially available products of neem for organic farming and medicines.
Neem oil varies in color; it can be golden yellow, yellowish brown, reddish brown, dark brown, greenish brown, or bright red. It has a rather strong odor that is said to combine the odours of peanut and garlic. It is composed mainly of triglycerides and contains many triterpenoid compounds, which are responsible for the bitter taste. It is hydrophobic in nature; in order to emulsify it in water for application purposes, it is formulated with surfactants.
Azadirachtin is the most well known and studied triterpenoid in neem oil. The azadirachtin content of neem oil varies from 300ppm to over 2500ppm depending on the extraction technology and quality of the neem seeds crushed. Nimbin is another triterpenoid which has been credited with some of neem oil's properties as an antiseptic, antifungal, antipyretic and antihistamine.[1] Neem oil also contains several sterols, including (campesterol, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol).
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity : 5 MT Seed Processing/Day
land & Building (2000 Sq.Mtr) : Rs.96.00 Lacs
Plant & Machinery : Rs. 46.00 Lacs
Working Capital for 1 Month : Rs. 32.80 Lacs
Total Capital Investment : Rs. 1.82 Cr
Rate of Return : 36%
Break Even Point : 49%
INTRODUCTION
OCCURRENCE AND PROPAGATION OF NEEM
PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES OF NEEM OIL
NEEM OIL PROPERTIES:
COMPONENTS WEIGHT IN FRUIT (PERCENTAGE):
AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF NEEM OIL
STANDARD PROPERTIES OF NEEM OIL
COMPOSITION OF NEEM
NEEM COMPOSITION:
USES
NEEM OIL AND SKIN CARE
NEEM OIL FOR ANIMALS
MORE ABOUT USING NEEM FOR DOGS AND OTHER PETS.
ADVANTAGE AND BENEFITS OF VERMICOMPOST
RAW MATERIALS
METHODS FOR OBTAINING NEEM SEEDS
A. COLLECTION:
B. DEPULPING:
C. DRYING:
D. STORAGE:
E. PROCESSING / EXTRACTION:
USES AND APPLICATION OF NEEM
USES: ALL PARTS OF NEEM TREE ARE USEFUL
NEEM OIL APPLICATION IN SEVERAL INDUSTRIES
AGRICULTUREL USAGE OF NEEM PRODUCTS
SPRAYING:
PILOT SCALE PROCESS SOLVENT EXTRACTION PLANT
FOR NEEM SEED OIL
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
FIGURE 1 : BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OIL
FROM NEEM SEED
GCMS RESULT
MARKET SURVEY
PRODUCTION DATA OF NEEM OIL IN INDIA
DOMESTIC MARKET OF NEEM AND NEEM OIL
DOMESTIC MARKETS:
IMPORT DATA OF NEEM OIL
EXPORT DATA OF ORGANIC NEEM OIL
DEMAND OF NEEM CAKE
OVERVIEW OF VERMICOMPOST IN INDIA
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS/EXPORTERS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF NEEM OIL
METHOD OF EXTRACTION FOR PURE NEEM OIL
PROCESS IN DETAILS
I. PROCESSING OF NEEM FRUIT AND SEED.
CLEANING OF NEEM SEEDS
1. DEPULPING AND WASHING:
DRYING:
DECORTICATOR:
B.I.S. REQUIREMENT FOR NEEM KERNELS AND DEPULPED NEEM
SEEDS FOR OIL MILLING
SPECIFICATION AND TESTING OF NEEM OIL
1. SCOPE
2. TERMINOLOGY
3. REQUIREMENTS
4. PACKING
5. MARKING
6. SAMPLING
7. TESTS
TEST FOR COLOUR OF SOAP
YIELD OF NEEM OIL AND CAKE
MATURITY STORAGE AND PRESSING OF SEEDS
ALCOHOL EXTRACTION:
RECOVERY OF ALCOHOL:
LOSS OF SOLVENT:
REFINING OF ALCOHOL EXTRACTED OIL:
ALKALI TREATMENT:
RESULTS OF THE STUDY:
FLOW CHART
ALCOHOL EXTRACTION
FLOW SHEET CUM SOLVENT RECOVERY
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF NATURE NEEM UREA COATING POWDER
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT
ADVANTAGES OF NATURE NEEM UREA COATING AGENT
MODE OF ACTION
METHOD OF APPLICATION
METHODS OF NEEM COATED UREA
DETAILED DESCRIPTION:
RAW MATERIALS:-
TYPE OF NOZZLE FUNCTION OF NOZZLE
METHOD OF COATING OF UREA PRILLS
WITH NEEM OIL WATER EMULSION
METHOD 1:
METHOD 2:
METHOD OF PREPARATION:
ANOTHER METHOD
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF VERMICOMPOST
MATERIAL FOR PREPARATION OF VERMICOMPOST
IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF RED EARTHWORM (EISENIA FOETIDA)
DETAILS OF VERMICOMPOST PREPARATION
PRESS MUD CAKE (PMC)
NEEM CAKE
ORIGIN OF NEEM
MORPHOLOGY OF NEEM
CHEMICAL CONSTITUTE OF NEEM FRUITS
PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NEEM
BENEFITS OF NEEM CAKE MANURE
METHOD OF VERMICOMPOSTING
SELECTION OF SITE
CONSTRUCTION OF TANKS
MATERIALS REQUIRED
METHOD OF FILLING THE TANK
SECOND FILLING
CONTENT OF NUTRIENTS
PRODUCTION AND PRACTICES OF VERMICOMPOST
HARVESTING
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
NUTRIENT CONTENT OF VERMICOMPOST
NUTRIENT ANALYSIS OF VERMICOMPOST
PLANT LAYOUT
SUPPLIERS OF VERMICOMPOST MACHINERY
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY
OIL EXPELLERS
PULVERIZER
TRAY DRYER
VIBRATING SCREENS
CONVEYOR BELT
DEHULLING EQUIPMENT
WATER SOFTENING PLANT
SIEVE SHAKER
ULTRAFILTERS
GENERATOR SET (D.G. SET)
AUTOMATIC PACKAGING MACHINES
BUYER OF NEEM OIL
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
APPENDIX – A:
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
