MULTIPURPOSE COLD STORAGE
[EIRI/EDPR/1101] J.C.: 9745
INTRODUCTION
Multipurpose Cold storage industry is a very important and essential industry. In India, fruits & vegetables are produced in plenty. A large number of fruits and vegetables are exported to other countries and even in India itself fruits and vegetables are transported from one place to another. This transportation business takes some time. So, it is desirable that fruits should be kept at a place where they can remain safe, otherwise a lot of its will be wasted. For this purpose, Cold Storage is used.
Multipurpose Cold Storage is a special kind of room the temperature of which is kept very cold with the help of machines and instruments. The temperature is maintained low with the help of precision instruments. In deciding the scale of a cold storage plant, all the external condition locational conditions stored, object etc. must be considered. When the scale of plant is larger however running costs would generally be less and automation would become more exact.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 10,000 MT
Land & Building (5000 sq.mt.) Rs. 6.63 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 1.86 Cr
Working Capital for 3 Months Rs. 52.49 Lac
Total Capital Investment Rs. 9.96 Cr
Rate of Return 18%
Break Even Point 62%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
USES
COLD STORAGE :
B I S SPECIFICATIONS
MARKET SURVEY
MULTIPURPOSE COLD STORAGES MARKET
LARGE COLD STORAGES
POTATOES
ONIONS
MANGOES
APPLES, GRAPES, ORANGES ETC.
COLD CHAINS
SEA FOOD
REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
LIST OF MULTIPURPOSE COLD STORAGES
SELECTION OF LOCATION FOR THE MULTIPURPOSE COLD STORAGE
REFRIGERANTS
CHART NO. 1
CHART NO. 2
PROPERTIES OF AMMONIA
CHART NO. 3 AMMONIA - MIXTURE
CHART NO. 4
CHART NO. 5
PRODUCTION DETAILS AND PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
OPTIMUM STORAGE CONDITIONS FOR VEGETABLE R.H. '85-90' EXCEPT
PROCESS DESCRIPTION (COLD STORAGE)
ARRANGEMENT OF COLD STORAGES :
USUALLY TWO TYPES OF REFRIGERANTS ARE USED IN THE CONDENSER
INSULATING OF WALLS:-
THE FOLLOWING MATERIALS CAN BE USED FOR INSULATION :-
CONTROL:-
INSULATION THICKNESS
ONION:-
OPERATING CONDITIONS
BRUSSELS SPROUTS:
LETTUCE:
ASPARAGUS:-
TOMATOES:-
TECHNICAL AND DESIGN SECTION
THE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
COOLING COILS
HYDRO COOLING:
COMPONENTS OF REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
COMPRESSORS AND CONDENSING SETS:-
REMOTE CONDENSERS:-
EVAPORATOR/COOLER:-
DIRECT REFRIGERATION
COOLING WITH AMBIENT AIR:-
QUICK COOLING METHODS
FORCED AIR COOLING:-
VACUUM COOLING
INSULATION:-
BOARD OR SLAB INSULATION :-
GRANULER AND LOOSE FILL MATERIALS:-
FRAMED 'IN SITU':-
SPRAYED-ON INSULATION:-
PRE-FORED PANELS :-
INSULATION THICKNESS:
STRUCTURE:
FOUNDATIONS:-
FLOOR
WALLS:-
ROOF:-
CEILINGS:-
SECTIONAL STORES:-
COLD STORAGE STRUCTURE
COLD STORAGE APPARATUS
EXAMPLES OF THE PRESENT METHOD WILL NOW BE DESCRIBED WITH REFERENCE TO THE DRAWINGS IN WHICH:
MULTIPURPOSE COLD STORAGE
EMBODIMENT 1
EMBODIMENT 2
AIRTIGHT HIGH HUMIDITY COLD STORAGE WITH DRAWERS
EVAPORATIVE COOLING ENHANCED COLD STORAGE SYSTEM
THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLES ARE PROVIDED IN ORDER TO FURTHER ILLUSTRATE THE METHOD.
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE 3
UNDER THE ABOVE CONDITIONS THE HEAT BEING REMOVED BY THE AIR CONDITIONING COOLING COILS IS:
TECHNICAL NOTE
INTRODUCTION
SELECTION OF SITE :-
ORIENTATION AND BUILDING FORM:-
DESIGN OF BUILDING:-
INTERNAL RACKING SYSTEM:-
FOUNDATIONS:-
THERMAL INSULATION:-
APPLICATIONS:
VAPOUR BARRIER:-
COLD STORAGE DOORS :-
SELECTION OF THE REFRIGERATION PLANT CAPACITY & MACHINERY
1. COMPRESSOR :-
2. REFRIGERANT :-
3. CONDENSER :-
4. AIR CIRCULATION :-
5. DESIGN EXAMPLE :-
6. EXAMPLE :-
7. SOLUTION :-
OF THE ABOVE ALTERNATIVE 2 AS SUITABLE TO THE FOLLOWING REASONS CONCLUDING REMARKS:-
TABLE – 1: CAPACITY OF THE COLD STORAGE FOR DIFFERENT HEIGHTS OF THE POTATO COLD STORAGE
TABLE – 2: RECOMMENDED THICKNESS OF INSULATION FOR POTATO COLD STORAGE BUILDING SECTION
TABLE – 3: DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR COLD STORAGES OF DIFFERENT CAPACITIES
PLANT LAYOUT
DESIGNING A COLD STORAGE AND IT'S REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
LIQUID AMMONIA
THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS
LIST OF CONSULTANTS WHO CAN INSTALL COLD STORAGE
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY FOR COLD STORAGE PLANTS
COLD STORAGE PLANT
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)