LED LIGHTS (HOME AND STREET LIGHTS) ASSEMBLY/MANUFACTURING PLANT
[CODE NO. 3231]
Light emitting diode (LED) is a semiconducting device that emits light when electrical current is applied to the device. LEDs are said to be the future light source because of their low energy usage and efficiency. The advantages of LEDs are that they are very robust, have a very long lifetime or up to 50,000 hours, they are easily dimmable and fail by dimming over time, rather than burn off like incandescent light bulbs. LEDs cause less glare irritation because of the smaller beam angle of the luminaire. LEDs are very common as indicator lights in electrical equipment and recently in higher power applications such as flashlights and artificial lighting. The colour of the light depends on the composition and condition of the semiconducting material used. It can be infrared, visible or ultraviolet. Blue, green and red LEDs can be used to produce most perceptible colours, including white.
Today, after many years of development, the LEDs on the market are now emitting white light in different colour temperatures as well as an advanced RGB control to produce coloured light to capture different moods for various aspects. Because of the huge potential of LED technology and the constant improvements in the quality (e.g. colour rendering), it can be predicted that the use of LEDs will become more common in both homes and offices with the advantage of energy savings due to their efficiency and long lifetime. Another advantage of using LED is it does not contain Hg, which is not an eco-friendly chemical and has adverse effect on human body.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity : 1623.00 Nos./day
land & Building (600 sq.mtrs) : Rs. 43.50 Lacs
Plant & Machinery : Rs. 2.93 Lacs
Working Capital for 2 Months : Rs. 1.95 Cr
Total Capital Investment : Rs. 2.54 Cr
Rate of Return : 107%
Break Even Point : 24%
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS LIGHT EMITTING DIODE?
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
ADVANTAGES OF LED OR LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
LED LIGHT
TYPES OF LED LIGHTING
LED LAMPS
LED FIXTURES
LED HOME LIGHT
OTHER BENEFITS OF LED LIGHT BULBS:
TYPES OF LED BULB
LED TUBE LIGHT
BENEFITS:
LED STREET LIGHT
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
PARTS OF LED STREET LIGHT
LED LIGHT PANEL
DRIVER
SPECIFICATIONS OF THE DRIVER GIVEN BELOW:
STREET LIGHT LENS
KEY FEATURES OF A LENS:
GENERAL INFORMATION:
GLASS COVER
ADVANTAGES OF LED LIGHTING
REDUCED HEAT OUTPUT
LIFETIME OF LED LIGHTING
DURABILITY OF LED LIGHTS
LED LIGHTING EFFICIENCY
LIGHT OUTPUT
DISPOSING OF LED LIGHTS
RANGE OF USES
INSTANT LIGHTING
LESS WIRING REQUIRED
HEALTH BENEFITS
LOWER MAINTENANCE COSTS
TOP 10 BENEFITS OF LED LIGHTING
DRAW BACK OF LED LIGHT
USES AND APPLICATION
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
PROCESS FLOW CHART
MANUFACTURING PROCES
RAW MATERIAL
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
DRIVER - IT CONSISTS OF TRANSFORMER, DIODE, RECTIFIER ETC.
HEAT SINK - MADE OF ACRYLIC, SILVER, ALUMINIUM, CERAMICS,
SS, FR4 AND COPPER
DIFFUSER
BODY - MADE OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY
CAP OR HOLER
ASSEMBLING PROCESS
INCOMING RAW MATERIAL INSPECTION
CLEANING AND RE-ASSORTING BEFORE PRODUCTION
CABLE CUTTING AND ASSORTING
SOLDERING AND ASSORTING
ASSEMBLY
AGING TEST
CLEANING AND LABELING
RANDOM INSPECTION
PACKAGING
LOADING FOR SHIPMENT.
QUALITY CONTROL
FOR INDOOR LIGHT
(A) WORK AREA LIKE CABIN AND WORK STAATION
(B) CORRIDORS
TESTS:
TYPE TEST
ACCEPTANCE TESTS:
SAMPLE SIZE AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY:
ROUTINE TESTS:
TESTING METHODS
VISUAL AND DIMENSIONAL CHECK:
CHECKING OF DOCUMENTS OF PURCHASE OF LED:
RESISTANCE TO HUMIDITY TEST:
INSULATION RESISTANCE TEST:
HV TEST:
OVER VOLTAGE PROTECTION:
SURGE PROTECTION:
REVERSE POLARITY:
TEMPERATURE RISE TEST:
RA (COLOUR RENDERING INDEX) MEASUREMENT TEST:
(11) LUX MEASUREMENT:
(12) FIRE RETARDANT TEST
(13) TEST FOR IP20 PROTECTION
(14) ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS
(15) RELIABILITY TEST
(16) LIFE TEST
(17) ENDURANCE TEST
(18) SAFETY:
MARKET SURVEY
PLANT LAYOUT
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE
SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
PRIMARY FACTORS
SPECIFIC FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED
IN THE PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT HANDLING
PROJECT SCHEDULING
PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
TIME SCHEDULE
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS
MANUFACTURERS/EXPORTERS/SUPPLIERS OF LED HOME
AND STREET LIGHT
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
PCB
TRANSFORMER
TRANSISTERS
RESISTOR
CAPACITOR
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIAL FOR LED LIGHT
LED DIODES
ALUMINIUM LED PCB
LED BULB HOUSING
LED BULB CAP
LED LIGHT CASING
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
APPENDIX – A:
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
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