INTEGRATED UNIT OF DAIRY FARMING, MILK COLLECTION & PROCESSING, FISH FARMING,
POULTRY FARMING & HATCHERY
[CODE NO.3489]
There is a great demand of Dairy products, Packed Milk in Pouches, Fish and Eggs (Poultry Product) in India. An integrated unit to setup this plant shall be a profitable unit to set-up.
In India dairying has been practiced as a rural cottage industry since the remote past. Semi commercial dairying started with the establishment of military dairy farms and cooperative milk unions throughout the country towards the end of the Nineteenth century. However market milk technology may be considered to have commenced in 1950, with the functioning of the Central Dairy of Aarey milk colony, and milk product technology in 1956 with the establishment of AMUL Dairy, Anand.
The importance of milk in human diet especially for children and expectant and nursing matters is vital. To meet the demand of the increasing population milk production in India has to be increased upto about 64 million tones. It is neither possible nor desirable to increase the cattle and buffalo population to achieve this target. This can only be achieved by stepping up milk production of our bovine population by cross breeding of cows and use of improved cows and buffaloes.
Unlike rich countries like the U.K. and the U.S. dairying in India is a subsidiary occupation of almost all the farmers. More than 60 percent of the families involved in dairying belong to the small or marginal farmers or even agricultural laborers. Thus the dairy cattle or buffalo rearing has vast scope for improving economic and in turn, the nutritional status of such people mainly coming from rural area. This will also help in achieving the balance between economic development of urban and rural population.
The development and maintenance of a superior dairy herd can be a source of considerable pride and satisfaction. Success in dairy farming, like any professional achievement, does not come easily. It requires the very best of anyone’s ability to properly manage, feed, and breed a good herd of cows. The job discussions which follow present important factors involved in making a start in dairying.
1. Making certain that you like Dairy farming.
2. Developing patience and an even Temperament,
3. Practicing Regularity.
4. Keeping up with New Development in Dairying.
5. Growing into Dairying.
6. Contribution your part to the industry.
Consider carefully the various aspects of your chosen occupation. The successful management of a dairy farm requires the development of many skills as well as an unlimited will to succeed. Learn everything you can about dairying before hand. One of the best ways is to learn as much as possible from your father if he is or has been a dairyman.
In the seventies fishermen started concentrating on catching prawns more commonly known as `shrimps' due to high profitable return on the same on account of their export value. Brackish water prawn farming started in a big way during 91-94 especially in the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Many small units continued to do farming and adopting extensive prawn farming systems. The shrimp farming has now been regulated with the establishment of Aquaculture Authority of India as per directions of Supreme Court for issuing licenses and overall supervision. It is commonly said that after Green and White Revolution in India, it is time for Blue Revolution to exploit the huge potential in fisheries sector. Shrimps are called the "Pinkish Gold" of the sea because of its universal appeal, unique taste, high unit value and increasing demand in the world market.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity : INTEGRATED UNIT
land & Building (40 Acres) : Rs. 102.00 Cr
Plant & Machinery : Rs. 6.60 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months : Rs. 14.69 Cr
Total Capital Investment : Rs. 129.00 Cr
Rate of Return : 19%
Break Even Point : 53%
INTRODUCTION
MURRAH BUFFALO
CHARACTERISTICS
HUSBANDRY
AVAILABILITY FOR PURCHASE
INDIAN STANDARDS
STANDARDS OF DIFFERENT MILKS IN INDIA
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
COMPOSITION OF MILK
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF DIFFERENT SPECIES
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF INDIAN BREEDS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF FOREIGN BREEDS OF COW
THE DETAILED COMPOSITION OF MILK IS GIVEN IN TABLE 1.13
SOME PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MILK
BACTERIOLOGICAL STANDARDS OF RAW MILK
PROPERTIES OF MILK
QUALITY CONTROL TESTS FOR MILK AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE
CATTLE FEED:-
SOME MORE FORMULATIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS: -
MARKET SURVEY OF DAIRY FARMING AND MILK PROCESSING
INDIAN DAIRY INDUSTRY
LOOKING BEYOND THE HORIZON OPPORTUNITIES
MANUFACTURERS AND EXPORTERS
OF DAIRY/MILK PRODUCTS
SUPPLIERS OF CATTLES/DAIRY FARMERS
MARKET POSITION OF FISH FARMING IN INDIA
EXPORT PRODUCTION THROUGH AQUACULTURE:
TABLE – 1: STATE WISE DETAILS OF TIGER SHRIMP FARMING 2015-16
STATE-WISE AREA UTILIZED AND PRODUCTION FROM TIGER SHRIMP FARMS
STATE WISE PRODUCTION DETAILS OF L.VANNAMEI IN 2015-16 59
STATE-WISE AREA UTILIZED AND PRODUCTION FROM L VANNAMEI FARMS
COMPARISON OF TOTAL SHRIMP & SCAMPI PRODUCTION FROM AQUACULTURE IN 2014-15 AND 2015-16
STATE-WISE CULTURE PRODUCTION OF NEW EXPORTABLE SPECIES
DURING 2015-16
INDIAN POULTRY AND ITS FUTURE PROSPECTS
OVERVIEW OF INDIAN POULTRY INDUSTRY
LAYERS
BROILERS
BACKYARD / FAMILY PRODUCTION
EXPORT TRENDS
MAIN MARKET PLAYERS
THE KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN THE INDIAN POULTRY MARKET ARE AS FOLLOWS.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
A) LOW PRODUCTIVITY
B) LACK OF STORAGE, COLD CHAIN AND TRANSPORT
C) SUPPLY OF QUALITY FEED
D) QUALITY STANDARDS FOR FARM MANAGEMENT
E) LACK OF PROCESSING FACILITIES
USE OF MILK
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF DAIRY FARMING
AND MILK PROCESSING
THE DETAILED PROCESS IS GIVEN HERE WITH:-
MILKING BUFFALOES
COOLING & STORING MILK
FILTERATION:
HOMOGENIZATION:
CLARIFICATION:
PASTEURIZATION:-
REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING SYSTEM
TESTING:-
PACKING:-
PROCESS FLOW SHEET DIAGRAM FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF HOMOGENIZED & PASTEURIZED MILK
DIFFERENT TYPES OF AQUACULTURE
FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE
BRACKISH WATER AQUACULTURE
MARICULTURE
RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE
RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS (RAS)
WHAT ARE WATER RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS?
BENEFITS OF WATER RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEM DESIGNS
LOW WATER REQUIREMENTS
CONTROL OF WATER TEMPERATURE
PROTECTION FROM THE ELEMENTS AND POTENTIAL PREDATORS
CONTROL OF WATER QUALITY
RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS (RAS) TECHNOLOGY
THE RECIRCULATION SYSTEM, STEP BY STEP 96
DRUM FILTER
MECHANICAL FILTRATION
FUNCTION OF THE DRUMFILTER:
MICROSCREEN FILTRATION HAS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES:
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
THE EFFICIENCY OF BIOFILTRATION DEPENDS PRIMARILY ON:
TWO MAJOR FACTORS AFFECT THE PH IN THE WATER RECIRCULATION
SYSTEM:
RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS OF RECIRCULATING
SYSTEMS-
DEGASSING, AERATION, AND STRIPPING
OXYGENATION
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT
OZONE
PH REGULATION
WATER TEMPERATURE REGULATION
PUMPS
EMERGENCY SYSTEM
CALCULATION, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN IN FISH FARMING TANKS
BIOFILTER SIZING
THE REQUIRED BIO FILTER SURFACE AREA, BSA CAN BE CALCULATED
A FOLLOWS;
WATER FLOW RATE
PUMP HYDRAULIC POWER
ADAVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE OF RAS
ADVANTAGES OF RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
DISADVANTAGES OF RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
COMMERCIAL AQUACULTURE: SOLUTIONS & TROUBLESHOOTING
BIOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLES OF PRAWNS
THE BASIC PRAWN
COLOUR CHANGES
MOULTING
FOOD AND FEEDING
REPRODUCTION
LIFE CYCLES AND AGE
CONVERSION OF ADULT PRAWN INTO KG (MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII)
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
AUTOMATIC ROTARY DRUM FILTER
PROTEIN SKIMMER
UV FILTER
OZONE GENERATOR
AQUACULTURE CENTRIFUGAL WATER PUMP
PRAWN FARMING (POND)
SITE SELECTION
SOIL QUALITY
WATER QUALITY
POND CONSTRUCTION
WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE
FARM MANAGEMENT
SHRIMP FARMING IN COASTAL AREA
SITE SELECTION:-
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF PRAWN FARM:
GENERAL EARTH WORK
THE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF A PRAWN FARM ARE :-
PONDS
GATES
DRAIN CANALS
POND PREPARATION
SELECTIVE STOCKING:
FOOD AND FEEDING
HARVESTING:
USE OF CHEMICALS AND DRUGS IN AQUACULTURE
BENEFITS OF POULTRY FARMING
METHOD OF POULTRY FARMING
LAYER POULTRY FARMING
BROILER POULTRY FARMING
PROCESSING STEPS IN HATCHERY
DETAILS OF INCUBATION AND HATCHING
HATCHERY DESIGN
HATCHERY CONSTRUCTION
HATCHERY ROOMS/ STRUCTURES
SHOWER ROOM
HATCHING EGGS RECEIVING COUNTER
FUMIGATION ROOM
EGG HOLDING (EGG-COOLER) ROOM
PRE INCUBATION WARMING ROOM
SETTER ROOM
EGG CANDLING (DARK) ROOM
HATCHER ROOM
CHICK HOLDING ROOM
WASH ROOM
CLEAN ROOM
DETAILS OF HATCHERY OPERATION
ADVANTAGES
1) SECURING HATCHING EGGS
2) TRAYING HATCH EGGS
3) FUMIGATION OF HATCHING EGGS
4) COLD STORAGE
5) WARM EGGS PRIOR TO SETTING
6) LOADING OF EGGS
7) CANDLING
8) TRANSFER OF EGGS
9) PULLING THE HATCH
10) HARDENING THE CHICKS
11) GRADING THE CHICKS
12) SEXING THE CHICKS
13) VACCINATION
14) CHICK DELIVERY
15) WASHING AND CLEANING
16) DISPOSAL OF WASTE
PRINCIPLES OF INCUBATION
THEY ARE:
1. TEMPERATURE
2. HUMIDITY
3. VENTILATION
4. POSITION OF EGGS
5. TURNING OF EGGS
PROCESS PARAMETER IN HATCHERY INCUBATION PARAMETERS
1. INCUBATION TIME: INCUBATION TEMPERATURE, AGE AND SIZE OF EGGS
2. HUMIDITY (AIR RELATIVE HUMIDITY) – WEIGHT LOSS
3. VENTILATION
4. EGG POSITION AND TURNING
TRANSFER AND HATCHING
1. TRANSFER ON HATCHER BASKETS
2. EGG CANDLING
3. TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY, VENTILATION
4. SPREAD OF HATCH: IMPACT ON CHICK QUALITY
BROILER FARMING PROCESS
HOUSING & HEATING
USING THE RADIENT HEAT METHOD
USING THE WARM-AIR DUCTITYPE METHOD OF HEATING
RAISING CHICKENS IN BATTERIES MAINTAINING PROPER TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE
RATE OF PRODUCTION OF EGGS
HEAT LOSS IN BALANCE WITH HEAT PRODUCTION
LIGHTING FOR BROILERS
SELECTION OF COCKERELS TO CARONIZE
HOUSES AND EQUIPMENT:
FLOORS
ROOFS
WATERING DEVICES:
CARE OF THE HOUSE:
POULTRY FEED
DAIRY CONSULTANTS
COMPLETE PLANT & MACHINERY SUPPLIERS FOR DAIRY PRODUCTS
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
POUCH PACKAGING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF FISH SEEDS
SUPPLIERS OF FISH FARMING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF POULTRY EQUIPMENTS
WEIGHING BALANCES
SUPPLIERS OF POULTRY & HATCHERY RAW MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS OF DAIRY FARMING RAW MATERIALS
CATTLE FEED
APPENDIX – A:
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET