ELECTRONIC ENERGY METER
[CODE NO 3469]
The energy meter is an electrical measuring device, which is used to record Electrical Energy Consumed over a specified period of time in terms of units.
Every house, small factory, business establishment, shops, offices etc. need at least one energy meter to register power consumption. The supplier of electrical raises the bill on the basis reading shown by this meter. The producer of electricity sale the electricity to the electricity boards and boards have to sale this energy to the consumer. Consumer needs to pay the amount against the bill raised by the supplier. The data generate by the energy meter is the base to raise the bill by power supplier. Because of massive rural and urban electrification programme of Government, there is a good demand for this product. This product is available in single phase and three phases at different current rating as per customer's requirement. Though, newly developed electronic energy meter is also available in the market but in view of simple technology involved to manufacture this product and for replacement of spare parts, the present demand and future prospect of this product is reasonably good.
An Electronic Energy Meter (EEM) functionally outperforms the traditional Ferrari’s wheel meter. One important advantage of EEM is that in non linear loads, its metering is highly accurate and electronic measurement is more robust than that of the conventional mechanical meters. The Power companies benefits from EEM in three significant ways.
1. It reduces the cost of theft and corruption on electricity distribution network with electronic designs and prepayment interfaces.
2. Electronic energy meter measures current in both Phase and Neutral lines and calculate power consumption based on the larger of the two currents.
3. EEM improves the cost and quality of electricity distribution.
Types of Energy Meters with respect to Technology
Electro-Mechanical Energy Meters
These energy meters are obsolete now but some countries are still using it due to its cheapness and robustness. They are also called as Disk meter because a disk is present inside the Energy Meter which rotates when current flows through it. This rotation is captured by the dial and enhance its readings as per the amount of current flown. The dial of the Disk Meter shows only kWh usage since the time of Energy Meter installation.
They came in both 3 phase and single phase types. Current rating for 3 Phase Disk Type Energy Meter is normally up to 100 Amps. A simple 3 phase disk type energy meter is present in the diagram below:
Digital Energy Meters
Digital Energy Meters are the 2nd generation of Energy Meters. These meters digitally measure the energy and other factors like voltage, current, instantaneous Power and show them on a LCD. They can store energy consumption data up to 2 years’ in EEPROM.
Digital Energy Meters came in single phase and 3 phase both types. Single phase type digital energy meters normally just display and store MDI and Energy units and that’s all.
On the other hand, digital 3 phase energy meters give tariff based energy units storing as well. As the rate of the unit is more at Peak Load times than at off peak load times. So, Energy meters must store energy units in two slots i.e. peak slot (T1) and off peak slot (T2) to differentiate the timing of electricity usage. This is the reason that they are also called as TOD (Time of Day) Energy meters.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity : 400.00 Nos./day
land & Building (1400 Sq.Mtr) : Rs. 1.39 Cr
Plant & Machinery : Rs. 1.14 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months : Rs. 1.61 Cr
Total Capital Investment : Rs. 4.55 Cr
Rate of Return : 69%
Break Even Point : 37%
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF ENERGY METERS WITH RESPECT TO TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRO-MECHANICAL ENERGY METERS
DIGITAL ENERGY METERS
SMART ENERGY METERS
ELECTRONICS ENERGY METER
EXCLUSIVE DIGI-KEY TOOLS
TYPES OF ELECTRONICS ENERGY METER
ANALOG ELECTRONIC ENERGY METERS
DIGITAL ELECTRONIC ENERGY METERS
CONSTRUCTION
ADVANTAGES
ACCURACY
EASE OF MEASUREMENT
SECURITY
ADDED FEATURES
STABILITY
USES AND APPLICATION
USES
APPLICATION
1. SETTLEMENT AND BILLING
MORE ACCURATE SETTLEMENT
MORE FREQUENT AND CHEAPER SWITCHING OF RETAIL
ELECTRICITY SUPPLIERS
CORRECT AND TIMELY BILLING
2. STATE ESTIMATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS
3. MONITORING OF POWER QUALITY AND RELIABILITY
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
PROCESS FLOW CHART
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
CONSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENT
(A) FABRICATION OF ELECTRONICS PARTS
SPECIFICATION OF COMPONENTS
(1) CURRENT ELEMENT
(2) MEASUREMENT/COMPUTING CHIPS
(3) MEMORY CHIPS
(4) DISPLAY MODULES
(5) ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
(6) MECHANICAL PARTS
(7) BATTERY
(8) RTC/MICRO CONTROLLER
QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN
QUALITY SHOULD BE ENSURED AT THE FOLLOWING STAGES
QC STEPWISE INSPECTIONS IN MANUFACTURING PROCESS
ENERGY METER - QUALITY CONTROL AND STAGE INSPECTION
TESTING OF METER
(A) TYPE TEST
(B) ACCEPTANCE TEST
FOLLOWING ACCEPTANCE TESTS ARE TO BE CARRIED OUT ON
SELECTED SAMPLES FROM A LOT
(C) ROUTINE TEST
FOLLOWING ROUTINE TESTS ARE TO BE CONDUCTED ON EVERY PRODUCT
MARKING OF THE METER
PACKING & FORWARDING
(B) FABRICATION OF BOX
CONSTRUCTION
HINGES
EARTHING BOLT
FIXING ARRANGEMENT
SEALING ARRANGEMENT
INCOMING AND OUTGOING CABLE ARRANGEMENT
BASE AND COVER DETAILS
MARKING/EMBOSSING
MARKET POSITION
THE TRENDS
THE OPPORTUNITIES
THE INITIATIVES
THE CHALLENGES
TYPES OF METERS
INDUCTION-TYPE ENERGY METER
ELECTRONIC ENERGY METERS
METERING MONITOR
ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRICITY METERS MARKET IN INDIA
MARKET OVERVIEW
GOING FORWARD
INDIAN ELECTRICITY MARKET
MARKET OVER VIEW
GOING FOR WARD
PLANT LAYOUT
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRONICS ENERGY METER
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS OF ABS GRANULE
SUPPLIERS OF BARE PCB BOARD
SUPPLIERS OF SOLDER PASTE
SUPPLIERS OF ENERGY METER IC
SUPPLIERS OF REGULATOR IC
SUPPLIERS OF PHOTO TRANSISTER OPTO COUPLER IC
SUPPLIERS OF LCD DISPLAY FOR ENERY METER
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENTS
PCB ASSEMBLING PLANT
SUPPLIERS OF CNC PCB DRILLING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF CNC PCB DRILLING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF PCB CUTTING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF PCB CLEANING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF HEAT WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF OSCILLOSCOPE
SUPPLIERS OF SOLDERING IRON
SUPPLIERS OF ENERGY METER TESTING EQUIPMENTS
ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS
AIR COMPRESSORS
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
JIGS AND FIXTURE
SUBMERSIBLE WATER PUMP
APPENDIX – A:
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
