DIAMOND STUDDED GOLD JEWELLERY MANUFACTURING UNIT [3554]
Jewellery is broadly defined as “ornament for the body”; it is ornament which can be worn and while this definition is frequently challenged and stretched by what are often referred to as “art jewellers” or “contemporary jewellers”, the majority of jewellery can be described as being wearable ornaments, often made from high-value materials such as precious metals and gemstones. The Jewellery industry – especially in Scotland – comprises largely of micro-businesses and small-to-medium sized enterprises (SMEs) with a few specialist larger manufacturers. The market divides into several sectors which largely correspond to the divisions in the business sizes: micro-businesses are likely to be involved in small-scale or individual production at a low-to-medium value level; SMEs are more likely to be involved in medium-to-high value production and the larger businesses are likely to be involved in production of high-turnover low-value work for the tourist industry. In terms of materials and processes, traditional jewellery production can be looked on as a form of micro-engineering, requiring the production of objects in metals with great accuracy. Most jewellery is produced from the precious metals – silver, gold, platinum and palladium – but may be produced in other materials such as pewter (especially for work for the tourist industry) or steel. These metal objects can then be connected – to make chain, for example – or be set with stones, enamelled or polished and in the very highest-grade of jewellery, multiple techniques may be used simultaneously. In order to create these pieces, a range of techniques are used, from the ultra-traditional cutting of metal using a saw, through soldering, into lost-wax casting and in more recent years 3D technologies such as laser-sintering and digital technologies such as laser-cutting have begun to play a part in the jewellery industry, a role that is set to expand as these technologies become more and more available. Jewellery is one trade which is still placed in the cottage industry category. However, the growing recognition of Indian workmanship by foreign luyers has result in bosting the export of cut and polished gems. The Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council was set up in 1966. This was a welcome stepas gem and jewellery has been recognised as an export-oriented industry. The council operating under the Union Commerce Ministry as a non profit service institution, has helped in the establishment of testing laboratories and training school at Jaipur and the Indian Gemmological Institute at Delhi. The council represent about 3,000 exporters of gems and jewellery. Gold has a characteristic pleasing colour but it assumes various colours, e.g: deep violet, ruby and purple, when reduced to a finely divided state by volatilization or colloid formation. It is the most extensible of all metals and can be reduced by hammering to a thickness of 0.00008. Impurities specially tellurium, bismuth, and lead reduce its malleability and ductility pure gold melts at 1063oC. Gold-copper alloys are harder more fusible and less malleable and ductile than pure gold. They have higher tensile strengths. The densities of these binary alloys are lower while those of triple alloys of gold, silver, and copper are higher. Gold silver alloys are soft, malleable, and ductile and their properties are intermediate between those of gold and silver. Gold iron alloys are hard but malleable & ductile. Gold and mercury form amalgams at ordinary temperatures. Mercury dissoves 0.11% of gold at 0oC and 0.126% at 100oC. Gold absorbs mercury forming a silver-white solid containing about 40% gold. On heating the mercury volatilizes leaving the gold residue. In addition to its use as a medium of international exchange and as a fiduciary to paper currency, about 5-10% of the world annual production is consumed in the useful arts. Its high specific gravity, resplendent lustre, pleasing colour, and non tarnishing quality have made it the most coveted metal for jewellery and comage since ancient times. The chief uses of gold are in comage, jewellery, dental alloys gold coating of base metals, and scientific instruments. The properties of gold which are valued in trade and industry are its pleasing colour and resistance to corrosion; malleability and ductility; low specific heat and latent heat of fusion; high electrical conductivity and reflective power & therepeutic effects of some of its salts. Alloys of gold and iron are used in France for making jewellery under the name of gris; the iron content varies between 15 and 20%. Aluminium forms a number of alloys with gold. One of them AuAl2 (22%Al) has a remarkable purple colour. The so called aluminium-gold is an alloy of copper with about 25% aluminum. It resembles gold in colour and it also slightly attached by nitric acid. Many recipes have been formulated for soldering gold. Many of them contain a considerable proportion of zinc with copper, silver and gold. In the prescence of copper, zinc does not cause brittleness, though the alloy formed is extremely hard and difficult to roll. Cadmium has been substituted for zinc in soldering alloys. The solders lose Zinc or cadmium by volatilization when heated and gradually become less fusible.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 750 GMS/Day
Land & Building (600 sq.mt) Rs. 1.06 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 1.50 Cr
Working Capital for 1 Month Rs. 8.73 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 11.43 Cr
Rate of Return 51%
Break Even Point 32%
INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES
USES
TYPES OF GOLD JEWELLERY
GRADE OF GOLD
MATERIALS USED IN GOLD JEWELLERY MAKING
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
ANALYSIS OF THE INDIAN JEWELLERY INDUSTRY
MARKET STRUCTURE
MARKET SURVEY
ORGANIZED JEWELLERS WILL ENJOY 35% -40% OF DOMESTIC GOLD MARKET BY 2020
GOLD JEWELLERY DEMAND
DEMOGRAPHICS TO BOOST GOLD JEWELLERY DEMAND: WGC
PUSH FACTORS HELPING CONSUMPTION OF COMPLEMENTARY JEWELLERY IN INDIA
GLOBAL MARKET SURVEY OF JEWELLERY INDUSTRY
GLOBAL MARKET POSITION OF DIAMOND JEWELERY
DIAMOND JEWELLERY VALUE CHAIN
GOLD FACES FIERCE COMPETITION
TURNOVER AND NETWORTH OF JEWELLERS
JEWELLERY MANUFACTURERS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF JEWELLERY
CHART SHOWING THE JEWELLERY MANUFACTURING PROCESS
CHART SHOWING THE EMBELLISHMENTS/DECORASTIVE PROCESS
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PRODUCTION PROCESS OF DIAMOND JEWELLERY
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
DETAILS OF DIAMOND CUTTING
MANUFACTURING THE DIAMOND
THE FOUR BASIC STEPS FOR DIAMOND CUTTING
PROCESSING STEPS FOR JEWELLERY MANUFACTURE
BASIC STEPS IN JEWELLERY MANUFACTURE
STEP # 1 – DESIGNING
STEP # 2 – CAD
STEP # 3 – RAPID PROTOTYPE
STEP # 4 – MODEL MAKING
STEP # 5 – RUBBER MOULD
STEP # 6 – WAXING / WAX TREE
STEP # 7 – CASTING
STEP # 8 – GRINDING
STEP # 9 – FILING / ASSEMBLY
STEP # 10 – POLISHING
STEP # 11 – METAL SETTING
STEP # 12 – POLISHING
STEP # 13 – RHODIUM PLATING
STEP # 14 – QUALITY CONTROL
PROCESS FLOW OF JEWELLERY MANUFACTURE
PREVAILING PROCEDURE FOR JEWELLERY MAKING
GUIDE TO JEWELLERY PRODUCTION
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED
IN THE PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY (GLOBAL)
APPENDIX – A:
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
