CHITIN & CHITOSAN FROM PRAWN SHELL WASTE
[EIRI/EDPR/1630] (J.C.434)
INTRODUCTION
Chitin is a white, hard, inelastic, nitrogenous, polysaccharide found in the outer skeleton of insects, crabs, shrimps and lobsters and in the internal structures of invertebrates. It is the second most abundant organic compound next to cellulose. It is a macro molecular linear polymer of _(1-4) N acetyl D glucosamine and is insoluble in water and many organic solvents. Chitin itself has only a few applications; it acts more as a precursor of Chitosan, its most familiar derivative.
Chitosan is deacetylated chitin and is polymer of _(1-4) acetyl - D glucosamine. It has multifarious uses in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and medical industries. It is even considered as a wonder drug of the twenty-first century due to its versatile utility.
Chitin is a chemical compound belongs to glucosamine polysaccharide group categories. It contains about 7% nitrogen, and is structurally similar to cellulose.
It is the principal constituent of the shells of prawn fish, shrimps, crabs, lobsters, beetles and other sea fishes. It is also found in some fungi, algal and yeasts.
Wayback in 1811 it was discovered by a french botanist that the fibrous material in the shell of prawn is chitin which is a polymer of N-Acetyl glucosamine. But it was only in 1974 that the CIFT came out with a simple technology for extraction of chitin from prawn shell waste and its conversion to chitosan.
Fish is a valuable and easily accessible source of food, rich in proteins. India has abundant marine and inland fish resources. It has a coast-line c. 4,667 km. long and a continental shelf 2,59,000 sq. km. or more in area, offering considerable scope for the establishment of fisheries. The Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea abound in fishing grounds; gulfs and bays all along the coast and a large number of islands with their mangrove swamp and coral reefs, are rich sources of marine fish.
Tidal estuarine waters in the mouths of large and perennial rivers, large brackishwater lakes, backwaters, lagoons and swamps scattered along the entire coast-line, afford lucrative esuarine fisheries. Vast stretches of fresh water consisting of rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, tanks, ponds and paddy fields offer scope for inland fisheries. The principal rivers of India, including their main tributaries, have a total length of c. 27,360 km. and the length of canals and irrigation chnnels is c. 1,12,650 km. When added to other freshwater resources, the total surface wuld run to several million acres of which not more than a million acres are under fish culture.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 560 Kg./Day
Land & Building (4000 sq.mt.) Rs. 2.24 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 2.06 Cr
Working Capital for 3 Months Rs. 1.08 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 5.56 Cr
Rate of Return 30%
Break Even Point 58%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
USES AND APPLICATIONS
MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL USES
CHITIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
MARKET SURVEY
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF CHITIN AND CHITOSAN
FOREIGN PRODUCERS OF CHITIN & CHITOSAN
RAW MATERIALS
CHITIN CONTENTS OF SOME ORGANISMS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
PROCESS FLOWSHEET FOR MANUFACTURING OF CHITIN FROM PRAWN FISH SHELL WASTES
CHITOSAN MANUFACTURING FROM CHITIN
THE PROCESS
ILLUSTRATION OF THE PROCESS
PROCESS IN DETAILED
DEPROTEINIZATION OF CHITIN FROM SHRIMP HEAD WASTE
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
PLANT LAYOUT
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
