VINYL ACETATE MONOMER FROM ETHYLENE, ACETIC ACID AND OXYGEN
[CODE NO.4342]
Vinyl Acetate Monomer (also known as acetic acid ethenyl ester, acetic acid ethylene ether, acetoxyethene, 1-acetoxyethylene, ethenyl ethanoate, ethenyl acetate, and acetic acid vinyl ester) is a colourless mobile liquid with a pungent odour. It has the formula CH3COOCH=CH2 and is a key raw material in the production of chemicals which are then used to manufacture a wide variety of consumer and industrial products.
The main production method for vinyl acetate monomer is the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen, in the presence of a palladium catalyst. The VAM is recovered by condensation and scrubbing and is then purified by distillation. A new manufacturing process, dubbed Leap, could offer large capital cost savings as a more efficient fluidised bed system replaces the fixed bed reactors currently in use.
The oldest means of manufacturing VAM is the addition of acetic acid to acetylene and this process is still used but not on a large scale.
Vinyl acetate monomer is stored in mild steel storage tanks and/or new or reconditioned steel drums and can be transported by bulk vessels or tank trucks. It has a specific gravity of 0.933 and a flash point of -8° C (closed cup) and is highly flammable. It should therefore be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area that is free from the risk of ignition. For transportation purposes, it is classified as packing group II and hazard class 3 and it is an irritant.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 666.67 MT/Day
Land & Building ( 60000 sq.mt.) Rs. 66.62 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 399.35 Cr
Working Capital for 1 Month Rs. 108.12 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 597.49 Cr
Rate of Return 61%
Break Even Point 33%
- INTRODUCTION
- PROPERTIES
- CONTAINERS & REGULATIONS:
- HAZARD:
- USES AND APPLICATION
- USE PATTERN:
- VINYL ACETATE MONOMER
- TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
- GENERAL DESCRIPTION
- TYPICAL PROPERTIES (1)
- CRITICAL DATA
- TYPICAL PROPERTIES (1) (CONTINUED)
- GLOBAL MARKET POSITION OF VINYL ACETATE MONOMER
- MARKET OPPORTUNITY:
- MARKET TENDS
- MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF VAM
- RAW MATERIAL
- TECHNOLOGY SOURCES:
- SEQUENCES IN VAM PROCESS
- ACETIC ACID EVAPORATION COLUMN
- REACTOR
- NON REACTIVE SUBSTANCE SEPARATOR
- ACETIC ACID RECOVERY COLUMN
- VAM REFINING COLUMN
- PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
- RAW MATERIAL CALCULATION
- REACTION
- RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED/MONTHS
- VAM PRODUCTION PROCESS
- PRODUCTION PROCESS USING ETHYLENE, ACETIC ACID AND OXYGEN
- REACTION SYSTEM
- THE REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE ARE:
- VAM DISTILLATION AND DEHYDRATION
- PRODUCTION DETAILS OF VINYL ACETATE MONOMER
- FIGURE: A SIMPLIFIED PROCESS SCHEME FOR THE PRODUCTION OF
- VINYL ACETATE MONOMER FROM A FATTY ACID OR TRIACYL
- GLYCERIDE-BASED OIL VIA NON-CATALYTIC CRACKING.
- PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF VAM USING ETHYLENE, ACETIC ACID
- AND OXYGEN
- [MAIN REACTION]
- [SIDE REACTION]
- TABLE: MATERIALS IN THE VAM PLANT
- PROCESS CONSTRAINTS
- FIG.: PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF THE VAM PLANT
- FIG.: START-UP OPERATION PROCEDURE OF THE VAM PLANT
- TECHNICAL ASPECT IN VAM MANUFACTURE
- FIGURE: VAM PRODUCTION PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM.
- REACTION SYSTEM
- THE REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE ARE:
- THE RATE LAW FOR THIS REACTION (1) IS GIVEN BY:
- VAM DISTILLATION AND DEHYDRATION
- UNIT OPERATION IN VAM MANUFACTURE
- THE FOLLOWING REACTIONS TAKE PLACE:
- FIGURE: VINYL ACETATE MONOMER PROCESS FLOWSHEET
- 1. CHEMICAL PRODUCT & MANUFACTURER’S DETAILS
- 2. CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- 3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & HEALTH HAZARD
- 4. FIRST AID MEASURES
- EYE:
- SKIN:
- INHALATION:
- INGESTION:
- 5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
- EXTINGUISHING MEDIA:
- SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURE:
- UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD:
- 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
- 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
- 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
- 9. PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES & FIRE/ EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA
- 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
- 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
- • ACUTE EFFECTS:
- • TARGET ORGANS:
- • TOXICITY:
- • CARCINOGENICITY:
- 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
- ECOTOXICITY:
- ENVIRONMENTAL FATE: THIS PRODUCT IS READILY BIODEGRADABLE
- 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATION
- 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
- 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
- EUROPEAN INFORMATION
- EC NO: 203-545-4
- US INFORMATION
- PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
- STORAGE LAYOUT:
- EQUIPMENT LAYOUT:
- SAFETY:
- PLANT EXPANSION:
- FLOOR SPACE:
- UTILITIES SERVICING:
- BUILDING:
- MATERIAL-HANDLING EQUIPMENT:
- RAILROADS AND ROADS:
- MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
- PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
- PRIMARY FACTORS
- 1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
- 2. MARKETS:
- 3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
- 4. WATER SUPPLY:
- 5. CLIMATE:
- SPECIFIC FACTORS
- 6. TRANSPORTATION:
- A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES
- 7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
- 8. LABOR:
- 9. REGULATORY LAWS:
- 10. TAXES:
- 11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
- 12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
- 13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
- 14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
- EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
- 1. DEPRECIATION:
- 2. FIXED ASSETS:
- 3. WORKING CAPITAL:
- 4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
- 5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
- 6. MARGIN MONEY:
- 7. TOTAL LOAD:
- 8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
- PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
- INTRODUCTION
- PROJECT HANDLING
- PROJECT SCHEDULING
- PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
- TIME SCHEDULE
- LICENCED CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
- SUPPLIERS OF REACTORS
- SUPPLIERS OF CONDENSER
- SUPPLIERS OF BOILERS
- SUPPLIERS OF STORAGE TANK
- SUPPLIERS OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF HEAT EXCHANGER
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
