SULFURIC ACID
[EIRI/EDPR/4396] J.C.: 2593XL
INTRODUCTION
Sulfuric acid/ Sulphuric acid is a mineral acid composed of the chemical elements sulfur(S), oxygen(O) and hydrogen(H), with the molecular formula of H2SO4. Produced through the conventional double contact double absorption process (DCDA) or the wet sulfuric acid process (WSA). Its appearance is colourless, odourless and viscous liquid that is miscible with water and soluble. It is known in antiquity as Oil of Vitriol or Hydrogen Sulphate. Apart from being hygroscopic and exothermic in nature, major property of sulfuric acid is its dehydrating nature.
As it readily absorbs water vapour from the air, it’s pure form does not exists. Sulfuric acid is an important commodity chemical.Because the acid can be used in production of various chemicals and fertilizers, in oil refining, in mine-ore processing,in chemical synthesis and in other processes, so a country’s sulphuric acid production can be a good indicator of its industrial strength.
MARKET SHARE & TRENDS :
Recent study done on the global sulphuric acid market size, it was estimated at USD 14.3 billion in 2021 and is further expanding to USD 29.7 billion by 2030 with a steady CAGR of 8.46% during the forecast period 2022 - 2030. The global consumption of sulphuric acid is attributable at 35 - 40% of the overall acids market in the world.In 2021, production of fertilizers on demand of the farmers was the most dominating application segment and thus, contributed over 50% of market revenues.Sulfuric Acid Market to exceed USD 25,623 million by 2032 amid its rising applications.
Key Market Drivers :
• Requirements in agriculture sector - Increased demands in the agricultural activities with adapting the sulfuric acid for increasing the productivity of the crops by mixing it with soil.Sulfuric acid contains few vital nutrients such as phosphorous(P), potassium(K), and nitrogen(N) which are those main components that aids the crops grow with improved quality and quantity.
• Requirements in chemical industry - Wide utilization of sulfuric acid here is as a raw material used as a processor in manufacturing the new chemical synthesis or producing the drugs. Manufacturing of various different chemicals using new developments as per increased demands from the consumers has enhanced the market. Also, there is rise in demands for the nitric acid, sulphate salts, detergents, dyes, pigments, hydrochloric acid, explosives and other drugs in the pharmaceutical industries.
• Requirements in automobile industry- Enhance demand from this industry is due to increased utilization in making of batteries which helps for storing the energy in it. With increasing number of global electric vehicles, this acid market is sure to grow in future.
• Utilization in various other sectors- Utilization in different industries such as textile industry, metal industry and oil & petroleum refining industries. Sulfuric acid is majorly utilized as cleaning agent in metal industry, for removal of corrosion which fuels the market of sulfuric acid. Also, because this acid has less pollution characteristics than that of pyrite ores.So the raw material segment in 2021, the elemental sulphur captured a substantial portion of the market which is proven to make rapid progress in future course of time.
FUTURE FORECAST :
1. Lack of skill amongst the people regarding the utilization and handling of the sulfuric acid, may lead to decrease in the market growth. But the increased rules and regulations imposed regarding its handling as its hazardous to the body, can continuously increase the prices of the sulfuric acid. Which may hamper the acid market growth of sulfuric acid.
2. Due to rapid industrialization and trending urbanisation, the negative effect of reducing the area of land that is suitable for food production, are leaving the farmers helpless by forcing them to use the fertilisers in order to boost crop yields in a limited area. This in turn will gear up the production of sulphuric acid market.
3. With increased concerns of environmental issues around, the government is taking all possible initiative to come up with a process to reuse waste water as drinking water. Or at least, wastewater treatment that frees scarce freshwater resources for other uses or preservation and to destroy the bacteria in water which may cause several disorders. Here, the sulfuric acid plays a major role in waste water treatment. Wastewater treatment includes prevention of odour of water, separation of solid particles with chemicals such as ferric chloride, polymers, and alums using sulfuric acid. This would clearly drive the market of this acid globally.
4. It is seen that during the period from 2017- 2025, there will be an increase in the implementation of standards such as New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) to regulate the emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2), sulfuric acid mist, and nitrogen oxides from H2SO4 production facilities. This will lead to an expansion of the market.
In 2021, the Asia Pacific was the key region in terms of market revenue, accounting for around 45% of the overall revenue. It is anticipated that an increase in the output of sulphur from China and Japan will drive an increase in this region, leading to rise in the price of the product. Even in the electrical and pharmaceutical industries, the use of this acid will cause the market to grow fastest. North America and Europe so far are expected to collectively hold around 37% of the overall market share.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 20 MT/Day
Land & Building (6000 sq.mt.) Rs. 6.32 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 10.08 Cr
Working Capital for 0.5 Months Rs. 35.52 Lac
Total Capital Investment Rs. 17.85 Cr
Rate of Return 12%
Break Even Point 76%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
USES/APPLICATIONS
APPLICATIONS
MARKET OVERVIEW
GLOBAL SULFURIC ACID MARKET DEFINITION
GLOBAL SULFURIC ACID MARKET OVERVIEW
GLOBAL SULFURIC ACID MARKET SEGMENTATION ANALYSIS
SULFURIC ACID MARKET, BY RAW MATERIAL TYPE
SULFURIC ACID MARKET, BY APPLICATION
SULFURIC ACID MARKET, BY GEOGRAPHY
KEY PLAYERS
PROPERTIES
HAZARDS
REFER HAZARD SUBSTANCE FACT SHEET (ENCLOSED)
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS
HANDLING
CHEMICAL REACTIONS/FORMULATION
THE CHEMICAL REACTIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
THE PROPOSED PROCESS IS BASED ON CONTACT PROCESS
RAW MATERIALS
ELEMENTAL SULPHUR
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
SULPHUR POWDER
PETROLEUM REFINERIES OF INDIA
TESTING CHEMICALS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS STEPS
PROCESS FLOW
ENGINEERING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
ETP FACILITY
ETP FLOW DIAGRAM (TYPICAL)
SEWAGE AND WASTE WATER EFFLUENT
STP FLOW DIAGRAM (TYPICAL)
WASTE GENERATION & MANAGEMENT/GREEN BELT
GREEN BELT
WATER (ESTIMATED)
WASTE (ESTIMATED)
FLUE GAS (ESTIMATED)
PLANT/MACHINERY (BROADLY)
PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
TREATMENT OF BURNER GAS
PREHEATERS AND COOLERS
CONVERTER
MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES/TURNKEY
COMPLETE PLANT SUPPLIERS ON TURNKEY BASIS
PLANT AND MACHINERY
SCRUBBER
HEAT EXCHANGER
COOLING TOWER
STORAGE VESSEL FOR OLEUM AND SULPHURIC ACID
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
INSTRUMENTATION & PROCESS CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
BOILERS
AIR COMPRESSORS
PROCESS EQUIPMENTS
STORAGE TANKS
D.G. SETS
POWER TRANSFORMERS
ETP PLANTS
PLATEFORM WEIGHING MACHINE
ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
SUBMERSIBLE WATER PUMP
UTILITIES PER MONTH (ESTIMATED)
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
PRIMARY FACTORS
RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
MARKETS:
POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
WATER SUPPLY:
CLIMATE:
TRANSPORTATION:
WASTE DISPOSAL:
LABOR:
REGULATORY LAWS:
TAXES:
SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
COMMUNITY FACTORS:
FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
HEALTH SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
OPERATION PHASE
MITIGATION MEASURES (PROPOSED)
HSE REQUIREMENT
SAFETY & OCCUPATIONAL MEASURE (STORAGE/HANDLING OF RAW MATERIAL & PRODUCT)
POTENTIAL RISKS
PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
PROJECT FINANCIALS
BASIS & PRESUMPTIONS (FOR PROFITABILITY WORKINGS)
PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
CONCLUSIONS
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
