STRING INVERTERS
[CODE NO.3841]
It needs to be well noted and understood that a string inverter is most commonly used at home and as commercial solar power systems. As per the size of installation, there could be different types of string inverters. The leading brands of string inverters are SMA and Sungrow.
There are various advantages associated with String Inverters. These inverters allow high design flexibility, robustness, high efficiency, low cost, remote system monitoring capabilities, three phase variations and much more. The disadvantages of string inverters include – No panel level monitoring, No panel level MPPT, high voltage levels that are required for their operation, and much more.
String inverters need the Direct Current (DC) electricity which can be converted to Alternating Current (AC). It is a kind of standalone box that is installed close to electricity meter. On each residential solar installation, there is possibly, rather typically one single inverter.
String inverters have various advantages such as: being easy to troubleshoot, cheap cost, low probability related to wiring mishap. These inverters have certain disadvantages too , such as – compliance related to shutdown requirements, efficiency in partial shade, shorter lifespan, system monitoring, more difficult system expansion, and much more.
String inverters have the main advantage which is that it can convert DC electricity into AC power. String inverters are indeed cheap as compared to many micro-inverters. String inverters do the job of a solar homeowners and require solar panels to be wired in a very systematic manner. Most of the string inverters have a warranty for about a very long time of 8 to 12 years (whereas micro-inverters have for about 25 years).
String inverters need much maintenance as well as technology adaptations to be handled well. There is no native shutdown capabilities of string inverters and these inverters are more affordable. It needs to be noted well that installation of a string inverter is very cheap as compared to installation of micro-inverters.
The system expansion of string inverters is very difficult and needs optimum performance. It is important that string inverters work at its peak capacity. There are few micro-inverters that have the same size and capacity of that of a string inverter. It is important to note a big difference between string inverters and micro inverters. This difference is that solar panel installation with string inverters is easier as compared to that of micro-inverters. At times, string inverters are miniature lightning rods and it is important to have the best of monitoring for them.
Thus, we have been able to cover the advantages as well as disadvantages of string inverters. We have been able to compare them with micro-inverters and understand their actual capabilities. We have been able to understand their true capacities so that they could be beneficial in using for long term. The string inverters are best for southern facing roofs with no shad at all at uniform pitch. Also, to cite once more, string inverters well convert DC into AC in a very efficient manner, so that they can be used well.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 666.67 Nos/Day
Land & Building (2000 sq.mt.) Rs. 2.70 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 6.98 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 554 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 564 Cr
Rate of Return 283%
Break Even Point 5%
- INTRODUCTION
- WHAT IS AN INVERTER?
- SOLAR INVERTERS
- WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A SOLAR INVERTER
- COMPONENTS OF A SOLAR INVERTER
- SOLAR INVERTER ADVANTAGES:
- SOLAR INVERTER DISADVANTAGES:
- TYPES OF SOLAR INVERTERS –
- 1. STRING INVERTERS
- STRING INVERTERS
- STRING INVERTER ADVANTAGES
- STRING INVERTER DISADVANTAGES
- 2. CENTRAL INVERTERS
- CENTRAL INVERTERS
- ADVANTAGES OF A CENTRAL INVERTER
- DISADVANTAGES OF A CENTRAL INVERTER
- 3. MICROINVERTERS
- ADVANTAGES OF MICRO INVERTERS
- DISADVANTAGES OF MICRO INVERTERS
- COMPONENTS OF A SOLAR INVERTER
- IGBT
- MOSFET
- CAPACITOR
- RESISTOR
- IC CD4047
- USES AND APPLICATIONS
- B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
- PROCESS FLOW CHART
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS
- PCB DESIGNING
- PCB STANDS FOR PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD. IT IS OF TWO TYPES:
- PCB CONSTRUCTION
- 1. LAYOUT DESIGNING
- 2. TRANSFER OF PATTERN
- 3. ETCHING
- 4. TINNING
- 5. DRILLING
- 6. SOLDERING
- 7. SURFACE CLEANING
- QUALITY CONTROL
- SOLAR INVERTER QUALITY TESTING
- INGRESS PROTECTION (IP) TESTING
- BUILT QUALITY CHECK
- HOT SPOTS AND TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION
- FUNCTIONS TEST
- TEST PROCEDURES AND CRITERIA
- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
- (1) INVERTER DC INPUT POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS
- DC INPUT CHARACTERIZATION
- MAXIMUM POWER POINT VOLTAGE TRACKING RANGE
- TEST PROCEDURE
- REPORTED VALUES
- MAXIMUM POWER POINT CURRENT TRACKING RANGE
- TEST PROCEDURE
- REPORTED VALUES
- (2) INVERTER AC OUTPUT (SIMULATED UTILITY) POWER
- SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS
- MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS OUTPUT POWER
- TEST PROCEDURE
- REPORTED VALUES
- (3) MPPT STEADY STATE RESPONSE TEST
- WHERE
- MPPT TEST PROCEDURE
- MPPT DYNAMIC RESPONSE TEST:
- (4) INVERTER PERFORMANCE FACTOR/INVERTER YIELD
- TEST PROCEDURE
- PROCESS OF TESTING AND CERTIFICATION
- SERIES GUIDELINES
- DOCUMENTATION
- THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION SHOULD ALSO BE PROVIDED
- WITH THE SAMPLES;
- MARKING:
- GUIDELINES FOR QUANTITATIVE SELECTION OF SAMPLES
- RETESTING GUIDELINES FOR ANY TEST FAILURES:
- PASS CRITERIA
- MARKET POSITION
- SOLAR INVERTER COMPANIES FACING STRONG DOWNWARD PRICING TRENDS:
- WHAT ARE YOUR EXPECTATIONS FOR THE INDIAN SOLAR
- INVERTER MARKET IN 2020?
- HOW DO YOU FORESEE COMPETITION GOING FORWARD IN THE INDIAN MARKET?
- WHAT ABOUT BIS STANDARDS CERTIFICATION?
- WHAT TRENDS DO YOU SEE WHEN IT COMES TO CENTRAL INVERTERS
- AND STRING INVERTERS FOR GROUND-MOUNTED PROJECTS?
- WHAT ARE SOME OF THE CHALLENGES IN THE INDIAN SOLAR
- INVERTER MARKET?
- WHAT ARE YOUR PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATORS?
- ANY OTHER COMMENTS?
- INDIA SOLAR POWER EQUIPMENT MARKET OVERVIEW
- INDIA SOLAR POWER EQUIPMENT MARKET SEGMENT INSIGHTS
- INDIA SOLAR POWER EQUIPMENT MARKET REGIONAL INSIGHTS
- INDIA SOLAR POWER EQUIPMENT MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
- PLANT LAYOUT
- SUPPLIERS OF SOLAR STRING INVERTER
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
- SUPPLIERS OF PCB
- SUPPLIERS OF TRANSISTERS
- SUPPLIERS OF DIODES
- SUPPLIERS OF RESISTOR
- SUPPLIERS OF CAPACITOR
- SUPPLIERS OF MOSFET
- SUPPLIERS OF INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
- SUPPLIERS OF POWER CORD
- SUPPLIERS OF BUZZERS
- SUPPLIERS OF JUMPRE WIRE
- SUPPLIERS OF MPPT UNIT
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
- SUPPLIERS OF INVERTER ASSEMBLY LINE
- SUPPLIERS OF PRECISION MEASURING TOOLS
- SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF DG SETS
- SUPPLIERS OF EOT CRANES
- SUPPLIERS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS
- SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRICAL PANEL
- SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRIC MOTOR
- SUPPLIERS OF COOLING TOWER
- SUPPLIERS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF AIR COMPRESSORS
- SUPPLIERS OF PLATFORM WEIGHING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF JIGS AND FIXTURE
- SUPPLIERS OF SUBMERSIBLE WATER PUMP
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
