SKIMMED MILK POWDER AND BUTTER FROM COW MILK
[EIRI/EDPR/4463]
Milk Powder is the milk that has been dried or desiccated. This is usually done by heating the milk. The final product contains less than three percent water. Milk powder can be prepared from whole milk. Milk from which fat has been partially removed, or from skim milk.
Shimmed Milk Powder is a product obtained by the removal of water from skimmed milk by heat or other suitable means to produce a solid containing a solid containing 5% or less moisture.
There are a number of advantages in converting milk into milk powder. Milk contains Eighty-seven percent water and because of this it gets spoilt quickly. It also needs special and bulky containers for transport. On the other hand, milk-powder takes up only one-eighth of the space of the original milk. Besides, milk in powder form can keep for a long period as much as six to eight months under tropical conditions.
There are three main types of plant for producing milk powder or dried milk.
i) Roller driers
ii) Spray driers
iii) Vacuum roller driers.
Most of the powder in Great Britain is produced by roller driers but there is an increasing amount made by the spray process, vacuum roller, plants are not used in Great Britain. Rollers and spray dried powders differ considerably in their appearance and properties.
Roller powder is creamy in colour, granular "crystalline" in appearance and has characteristic tallowy or "oxidised-fat" odour.
Spray powder is a fine white powder which reconstitutes more easily than roller powder on account of the milder heat treatment and smaller size of particle. However, roller powders are of better bacteriological quality as the milk receives a more intensive heating.
The dairy industry, covering the production, processing and distribution of milk and milk products, is unique in its important as it is concerned with valuable food stuffs, universally consumed by men. Milk is the fresh lacteal secretion of milk animals naturally intended for the nourishment of the offspring but exploited as an article of food by the human race. It is essentially an emulsion in a continuous phase. The disperse phase consists of fat globules of varying diameter from 0.1/u to 10/u (2.5-3.0/u). The number of globules varies from 2.5x109 to 25x5x109 per c.c. the globules are surrounded by layers of protein phosphatides and probably also carotent and cholesterol which prevents them from coalescing together to larger globules. The milk when they get globules coalesce to form butter. Milk a fat or butter consists of glycerides mainly of butyrides caproci acids which posse’s characteristic odours.
Ghee refers to the fat concentrate obtained mainly from butter or cream by the removal of practically all the water and solids not fat content. The terms milk fat, anhydrous milk fat, dry butter fat are told as ghee. But the raw material for its preparation is cream.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 37,800 KG/Day
Land & Building (10,000 sq.mt.) Rs. 6.10 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 21.00 Cr
Working Capital for 1 Month Rs. 34.32 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 61.78 Cr
Rate of Return 40%
Break Even Point 37%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
MILK SELECTION
TABLE
COMPOSITION OF MILKS OF COWS, BUFFALOES, GOATS & SHEEP
COMPOSITION OF DRY MILK POWDER
COMPOSITION OF DRY MILK & MILK PRODUCT
PROPERTY OF MILK POWDER
1. SOLUBILITY:
2. COLOUR:
3. HYDROSCOPIC PROPERTIES:
4. TESTS:
COMPOSITION OF MILK-POWDER
THE AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF MILK POWDERS:-
PROPERTIES OF GHEE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
USES AND APPLICATION OF SKIM-MILK POWDER
CONFECTIONERY:
BAKERY:
ICE CREAMS:
HEALTH BENEFITS
USES OF GHEE
B.I.S SPECIFICATION
TABLE 1 REQUIREMENT FOR MILK POWDER
INDIA SKIMMED MILK POWDER MARKET
MARKET SCENARIO OF SKIMMED MILK POWDER
WORLD’S LARGEST SMP IMPORTERS
WORLD’S LARGEST SMP EXPORTERS
USA
INFRASTRUCTURE
PROMINENT ENTITIES
INVESTMENTS AND STANDARDS
PRICE REGULATIONS
NEW ZEALAND
DAIRY INDUSTRY
DAIRY GENETICS
MANUFACTURING
INDIAN EXPORT OF SMP
INCREASED PRODUCTION
STRATEGY TO PROMOTE INDIAN SMP
USA & EU
FORECAST
CHINA TRADE TARIFFS
INDONESIA AND EU
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SELECTED MILK PRODUCS
BUTTER
FIGURE: BUTTER EXPORTS AND FAO BUTTER PRICE INDEX
SKIM MILK POWDER
FIGURE: UNITED STATES SMP EXPORTS
WHOLE MILK POWDER
APPENDIX TABLES STATISTICS
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
ROLLER DRYING:-
MILK POWDER PRODUCTION PROCESS
SEPARATION/STANDARDIZATION
PREHEATING
EVAPORATION
SPRAY DRYING
PACKAGING AND STORAGE
PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF MILK POWDER
MILK POWDER PRODUCTION
MILK CONCENTRATE ATOMIZATION
MILK CONCENTRATE VISCOSITY
MILK POWDER PRESSURE NOZZLE
CONE ANGLE
MILK POWDER SWIRL CHAMBER
MILK POWDER HIGH PRESSURE NOZZLE ORIFICE SIZE
MILK POWDER PRODUCTION CONCENTRATE FLOW RATE
MILK POWDER PRODUCTION HIGH PRESSURE NOZZLE PRESSURE
CENTRIFUGAL ATOMISER
INLET TEMPERATURE
POWDER IGNITION TEMPERATURE
OUTLET TEMPERATURE AND POWDER MOISTURE
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
MILK POWDER SYSTEM
CHANGES OF STATE OF THE DRYING DROPLETS
DRYING STAGES
DRYING PROCESS
CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS
AROMA RETENTION
TECHNICAL DETAILS OF MILK POWDER PRODUCTION
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF GHEE
PROCESS FLOWSHEET FOR MANUFACTURE OF MILK POWDER AND GHEE
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
STORAGE LAYOUT:
EQUIPMENT LAYOUT:
SAFETY:
PLANT EXPANSION:
FLOOR SPACE:
UTILITIES SERVICING:
BUILDING:
MATERIAL-HANDLING EQUIPMENT:
RAILROADS AND ROADS:
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
PRIMARY FACTORS
1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
2. MARKETS:
3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
4. WATER SUPPLY:
5. CLIMATE:
SPECIFIC FACTORS
6. TRANSPORTATION:
A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES
7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
8. LABOR:
9. REGULATORY LAWS:
10. TAXES:
11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
1. DEPRECIATION:
2. FIXED ASSETS:
3. WORKING CAPITAL:
4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
6. MARGIN MONEY:
7. TOTAL LOAD:
8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT HANDLING
PROJECT SCHEDULING
PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
TIME SCHEDULE
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
ADDRESSES OF PLANT AND MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
