PRESSURE VESSELS
[EIRI/EDPR/4656] J.C.: 2873XL
The pressure vessels such as cylinder, pipeline or tanks are used to store fluids under pressure. The fluid being stored may undergo a change of state inside the pressure vessel as in case of steam boilers or it may combine with other reagents as in a chemical plant. The pressure vessels are designed with great care because rupture of pressure vessels means an explosion which may cause loss of life and property. The material of pressure vessels may be brittle such that cast iron or ductile such as mild steel. Pressure vessels, hydraulic cylinders, gun barrels, pipes, boilers and tanks are, in fact, essential to the chemical, petroleum, petrochemical and nuclear industries. It is in this class of equipment that the reactions, separations, and storage of raw materials occur. Generally, pressurized equipment is required for a wide range of industrial plant for storage and manufacturing purposes.
Pressure Vessel Shapes
Pressure vessels can be of any shape, but in most cases, they are made of sections of cones, cylinders, or spheres. Cylinder remains the most common shape of all and its end caps are referred to as heads, which also have different shapes. While other shapes can be used, they are avoided because they are harder to build and it is difficult to ensure safety.
A sphere is an ideal shape for making a pressure vessel, but it is costly to manufacture as there are a lot of complications involved. Therefore, the cylindrical shape is more common these days, even though their width can increase the cost.
Pressure Vessels are containers which are designed to hold liquids, vapors, or gases at high pressures, usually above 15 psig. Examples of common pressure vessels used in the petroleum refining and chemical processing industries include, but are not limited to, storage tanks, boilers, and heat exchangers. Each individual vessel has its own operating limits built in by design that it has to work under, refered to as its design pressure and design temperature. Operating outside of these limits could damage the equipment and potentially lead to loss of containment or catastrophic failure.
Because they work under immense pressures, a ruptured pressure vessel can be incredibly dangerous, leading to poison gas leaks, fires, and even explosions. For this reason, pressure vessel safety is imperative. There are several standards and practices that cover the construction, maintenance, and inspection of pressure vessels. Chief among these standards are ASME Section VIII and API 510.
ASME Section VIII is the section of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) that covers pressure vessels. It gives detailed requirements for the design, fabrication, testing, inspection, and certification of both fired and unfired pressure vessels.
API 510, "Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-Service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration" is an inspection code, written and published by the American Petroleum Institute, that covers the in-service inspection, repair, alteration, and rerating activities for pressure vessels and the pressure relieving devices protecting these vessels.
When it comes to inspections, most pressure vessels should be examined once before being placed into service and again.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 4160 Nos/Year
Land & Building (8000 sq.mt.) Rs. 4.34 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 5.79 Cr
Working Capital for 3 Months Rs. 11.71 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 22.71 Cr
Rate of Return 104%
Break Even Point 27%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PRESSURE VESSEL SHAPES
PRESSURE VESSEL DEFINITION
PRESSURE VESSEL DEFINITION - SCOPE
BOUNDARIES
WHAT IS API CODE DEFINITION FROM PRESSURE VESSEL?
WHAT IS THE API STD 510 COVERAGE?
CLASSIFICATION OR TYPES OF PRESSURE VESSELS:
1. ACCORDING TO FABRICATION:
2. ACCORDING TO FUNCTIONS:
3. ACCORDING TO MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION:
4. ACCORDING TO PRESSURE:
5. ACCORDING TO METHOD OF HEATING:
6. ACCORDING TO GEOMETRY OF VESSELS:
7. ACCORDING TO ORIENTATION OF PRESSURE VESSELS:
8. ACCORDING TO INSTALLATION OF PRESSURE VESSELS:
9. ACCORDING TO WALL THICKNESS OF PRESSURE VESSELS:
TYPES OF PRESSURE VESSELS ACCORDING TO SHAPE
SPHERICAL PRESSURE VESSEL
CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE VESSELS
CONICAL PRESSURE VESSEL
TYPES OF PRESSURE VESSELS ACCORDING TO PURPOSE
STORAGE VESSELS
HEAT EXCHANGERS
PROCESS VESSELS
COMPONENTS OF PRESSURE VESSEL
VESSELS PARTS:
IN PRESSURE VESSEL FOLLOWING ARE THE GENERAL VESSEL PARTS:
1. VESSEL BODY
2. VESSEL HEADS
3. VESSEL SUPPORTS
4. NOZZLES AND MANHOLES
5. FLANGES
6. GASKETS
7. INTERNALS
MAIN COMPONENTS OF PRESSURE VESSEL
THE MAIN PRESSURE VESSEL COMPONENTS ARE AS FOLLOW:
SHELL
HEAD
NOZZLES
SUPPORT
TYPICAL KINDS OF SUPPORTS ARE AS FOLLOW:
SKIRT
LEG
SADDLE
RAW MATERIAL SECTION:
BASIS ON DESIGN CRITERIA:
BASIS ON DESIGN LOADS:
MATERIALS:
ALLOWABLE STRESS:
USES AND APPLICATION OF PRESSURE VESSEL
SPHERICAL PRESSURE VESSEL (SPHERE)
CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE VESSEL
LIFTING AND HANDLING OF A PRESSURE VESSEL
HEAT EXCHANGERS
ADVANTAGES OF SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS;
TYPES OF HEAT EXCHANGER
(1) PARALLEL-FLOW AND COUNTER FLOW
PARALLEL-FLOW AND COUNTER-FLOW HEAT EXCHANGER
(2) CROSS FLOW
FINNED AND UNFINNED TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGER
(3) SHELL-AND-TUBE
U-TUBE, SINGLE PASS STRAIGHT AND TWO PASS STRAIGHT HEAT EXCHANGER
SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
TYPES OF SHELL AND TUBE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER
(A) STRAIGHT TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER (ONE PASS TUBE TYPE)
(B) STRAIGHT TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER (TWOPASS TUBE TYPE)
(C) U TUBE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER
CONSTRUCTION
FIG: CONSTRUCTION OF STHE
FIG: COMPONENT OF STHE TUBES
SHELL
TUBE
TUBE PITCH, TUBE-LAYOUT AND TUBE-COUNT
TUBE PASSES
TUBE SHEET
BAFFLES
SEMI-CIRCULAR CUT-SEGMENTAL BAFFLE
DIFFERENT TYPE OF HEAT EXCHANGER BAFFLE FOULING CONSIDERATIONS
WORKING
TABLE: TYPICAL VALUES OF FOULING COEFFICIENTS AND RESISTANCES
FIGURE: WORKING OF STHE
FOLLOWING MATERIALS ARE USED IN HEAT EXCHANGER
STAINLESS STEEL
COPPER
FABRICATION WORK
FLOW CHART FOR PRESSURE VESSEL DESIGN STEPS
INTRODUCTION
PRESSURE VESSELS
FUEL STORAGE TANK OFTEN USED IN THE FOLLOWING CIRCUMSTANCES:
PRESSURE VESSEL TYPES
PROCESS PRESSURE VESSEL:
AUTOCLAVES:
HIGH-PRESSURE VESSELS:
EXPANSION TANKS:
HEAT EXCHANGERS:
WATER PRESSURE TANKS:
VACUUM TANKS:
ASME PRESSURE VESSELS:
PRESSURE VESSEL APPLICATION IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
BOILERS:
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
MAIN COMPONENTS OF PRESSURE VESSEL
ENERGY OR POWER GENERATION INDUSTRY
1. SHELL
2. HEAD/DISHEND
TYPES OF HEAD/DISHEND
3. NOZZLE
4. SUPPORT
TYPES OF SUPPORTS
I.SADDLE SUPPORT:
II.LEG SUPPORT:
III.LUG SUPPORT:
TYPES OF SUPPORTS
IV.SKIRT SUPPORT:
DESIGN CRITERIA OF PRESSURE VESSELS:
DESIGN PRESSURE:
THE CYLINDRICAL SHELL THICKNESS BASED ON PRESSURE:
DESIGN OF HEAD & CLOSURE UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE
1. FLAT PLATES AND FORMED FLAT HEADS
2. HEMISPHERICAL HEADS
3. ELLIPSOIDAL HEADS
4. TORISPHERICAL HEADS
5. CONICAL HEADS
DESIGN TEMPERATURE:
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STRESS:
JOINT EFFICIENCY:
CORROSION ALLOWANCE:
ASME STANDARDS TO DESIGN AND VALIDATE PRESSURE VESSELS
ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE IS AS FOLLOWS:
DESIGN FORMULAS:
CODE FORMULAS FOR CALCULATION OF VESSEL COMPONENT THICKNESS
CUTTING
CUTTING THIN STEEL SHEET
ROLLING
SURFACE GRINDING
DRILLING
GAS METAL ARC WELDING
USES AND APPLICATION
APPLICATION OF SHELL AND TUBE
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
FABRICATION /MANUFACTURING PROCESS
(A) FOR PREESURE VESSEL
FABRICATION PROCESS
GUIDELINE FOR FABRICATION OF PRESSURE VESSEL
COMPONENTS
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
PRESSING
SPINNING
BENDING
THE MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FALL UNDER THE FOLLOWING HEADINGS:
FIGURE 1: SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF PLATE BENDING
MANUFACTURE
FLAT HEADS:
FIGURE 2: PLATE MARKING AND TRANSFER OF IDENTIFICATION
DISHED HEADS:
THE DIMENSIONS TO BE CHECKED FOR DISHED HEADS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
SHELL:
FIGURE 3: DIMENSIONAL CHECK OF FLAT HEADS
FIGURE 4: DIMENSIONAL CHECK OF DISHED HEADS
THE FOLLOWING DIMENSIONS FOR SHELL ARE CHECKED:
CONES:
THE FOLLOWING DIMENSIONS ARE MEASURED:
FIGURE 5: DIMENSIONAL CHECK OF SHELLS
QUALITY CONTROL
QUALITY CONTROL DURING FORMING AND SHAPING OF COMPONENTS:
QUALITY CONTROL DURING ASSEMBLY OF PARTS:
QUALITY CONTROL DURING PRODUCTION WELDING:
INSPECTION AND TESTS
(A) INSPECTION DURING MANUFACTURE –
(B) INSPECTION DURING FABRICATION
(C) INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PRESSURE VESSELS
TESTING OF PRESSURE VESSEL
BENEFITS OF PRESSURE VESSEL TESTING
METHODS OF PRESSURE VESSEL TESTING
(A) NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHOD
1. VISUAL TEST (VT)
2. LIQUID PENETRANT TEST (PT)
3. MAGNETIC PARTICLE TEST (MT)
4. RADIOGRAPHIC TEST (RT)
5. ULTRASONIC TESTING (UT)
(B) DESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHOD
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TESTING
HYDROSTATIC TEST
MINIMUM HYDROSTATIC TEST PRESSURE = 1.3 X MAWP X LSR
PNEUMATIC TEST
AFTER THE PRESSURE TEST
THE MAIN STAGES OF HEAT EXCHANGER MANUFACTURE ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1. IDENTIFICATION OF MATERIALS
2. EDGE PREPARATION AND ROLLING OF SHELL SECTIONS, TACK WELDING, AND ALIGNMENT FOR WELDING OF LONGITUDINAL SEAMS FABRICATION OF SHELL
FIGURE - ROLLING OF SHELL PLATE. (COURTESY OF EDMONTON EXCHANGER & MANUFACTURING LTD, EDMONTON, ALBERTA, CANADA.)
3. WELDING OF SHELLS, CHECKING THE DIMENSIONS, AND SUBJECTING PIECES TO RADIOGRAPHY
4. CHECKING THE CIRCULARITY OF THE SHELL AND THE ASSEMBLY FIT, INCLUDING NOZZLES AND EXPANSION JOINTS
WELDING OF NOZZLES
SUPPORTS
ATTACHMENT OF EXPANSION JOINTS
5. TUBESHEET AND BAFFLE DRILLING
TUBESHEET DRILLING
TUBE HOLE FINISH
DRILLING OF BAFFLES
6. TUBE BUNDLE ASSEMBLY
ASSEMBLY OF TUBE BUNDLE OUTSIDE THE EXCHANGER SHELL
THE END RING METHOD IS EXPLAINED NEXT.
IMPINGEMENT BAFFLES
ASSEMBLY OF TUBE BUNDLE INSIDE THE SHELL
TUBE NEST ASSEMBLY OF LARGE STEAM CONDENSERS
CAUTIONS TO EXERCISE WHILE INSERTING TUBES
ASSEMBLY OF U-TUBE BUNDLE
7. TUBESHEET TO SHELL WELDING
THE END RING METHOD IS EXPLAINED NEXT
8. TUBE-TO-TUBE SHEET JOINING BY ROLLING/WELDING
VARIOUS METHODS OF TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET JOINT WELDING
WELDING PROCESS
GTAW OF TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET WELDING:
MANUAL TIG WELDING:
9. ORBITAL/AUTOMATIC TIG WELDING:
FIGURE: ORBITAL TIG WELDING HEAD—WELDING OF RECESSED TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET. (COURTESY OF POLYSOUDE S.A.S, NANTES, FRANCE.)
ORBITAL WELDING
ENCLOSED ORBITAL TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET WELDING HEADS WITHOUT FILLER WIRE
OPEN TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET WELDING HEADS WITH OR WITHOUT FILLER WIRE
WELDING EQUIPMENTS
SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS OF TUBES AND WELD PREPARATIONS
WELDING OF FLUSH TUBES
WELDING OF FLUSH TUBES WITH ADDITION OF FILLER WIRE
WELDING OF PROTRUDING TUBES
WELDING OF RECESSED TUBES
INTERNAL BORE WELDING
INTERNAL BORE WELDING BEHIND THE TUBESHEET
FIGURE- INTERNAL BORE WELDING BEHIND THE TUBESHEET BY TIG WELDING. (COURTESY OF POLYSOUDE S.A.S, NANTES, FRANCE.)
WELDING OF SECTIONS OF UNEQUAL THICKNESS
WELDED MOCK-UPS
INSPECTION OF TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET JOINT WELD
LEAK TESTING OF TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET JOINT
TEMA STANDARDS ON TESTING OF TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET JOINTS
BRAZING METHOD FOR TUBE-TO-TUBESHEET JOINTS
(10) HEAT TREATMENT
1. WITH TUBES WELDED IN ONE TUBESHEET AND LEFT FREE IN THE OTHER TUBESHEET
THE PROCEDURE ADOPTED IS AS FOLLOWS:
2. BOTH ENDS OF THE TUBES WELDED WITH TUBESHEETS
HEAT TREATMENT: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
ASSEMBLY OF CHANNELS/END CLOSURES
BOLT TIGHTENING
11. TESTING
ASME CODE REQUIREMENT
TEMA STANDARD REQUIREMENT
(A) HYDROSTATIC TESTING
HYDROSTATIC TESTING PROCEDURE
HYDROSTATIC TEST FLUID
(B) PNEUMATIC TESTS
PNEUMATIC TESTING PROCEDURE
(12) PAINTING
(13) MAKING UP CERTIFICATES
(3) FABRICATION PROCESS OF CROGENIC TANK
FABRICATION PROCESS
MATERIAL OF CONSTRCTION
FABRICATION
1. FORMING:
2. WELDING:
3. SURFACE TREATMENT:
CLEANING OF STAINLESS STEEL SURFACES
(A) MECHANICAL CLEANING:
(B) DEGREASING:
(C) PICKLING:
(D) PASSIVATION:
CLEANING OF CARBON STEEL SURFACES
(4) PAINTING:
(5) TESTS
(A) ULTRASONIC TEST:
(B) RADIOGRAPHIC TEST:
(C) PRESSURE TEST:
(D) LEAK TEST:
(E) PERFORMANCE TEST:
(6) INSPECTION
(4) HEAT TREAT MENT
(A) HEAT TREATMENT OF PRESSURE VESSEL
THE FOLLOWING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES WILL BE USED:
PROCEDURE
TEMPERATURE RECORDING
NOTIFICATION OF HEAT TREATMENT
TEMPERATURE CONTROL:
RECORDS:
(B) HEAT TREATMENT OF SHELL AND TUBE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER
THE PROCEDURE ADOPTED IS AS FOLLOWS:
HEAT TREATMENT: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT
OBJECTIVES OF HEAT TREATMENT
TYPES OF HEAT TREATMENT
EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN STEEL QUALITY AND PWHT
ASME CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR PWHT
QUALITY CONTROL DURING HEAT TREATMENT
METHODS OF PWHT
EFFECTIVENESS OF HEAT TREATMENT
DEFECTS DUE TO HEAT TREATMENT
NDT AFTER PWHT
(A) PAINTING SYSTEMS FOR PRESSURE VESSEL
APPLICABLE PAINT SCHEDULE SYSTEMS (EXTERNAL)
(B) APPLICABLE PAINT SCHEDULE SYSTEM (INTERNAL)
(I) SURFACE PREPARATION
GENERAL
DESCRIPTION ON SURFACE PREPARATION METHODS
(A) DEGREASING
(B) BLAST CLEANING
BLASTING MATERIALS:
(C) POWER OR HAND TOOL CLEANING
HAND TOOL CLEANING:
(D) SURFACE PREPARATION REQUIREMENTS
(II) PAINTING APPLICATION
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
(III) MIXING
(IV) THINNING
(V) PRIMING
(VI) PAINTING
(B) PAINTING OF SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
(C) PAINTING OF CRYOGENIC TANKS
MARKET POSITION OF PRESSURE VESSEL
KEY MARKET PLAYERS PROFILED IN THE PRESSURE VESSEL MARKET INCLUDES:
PRESSURE VESSEL MARKET AND TYPE OF PRESSURE VESSEL
PRESSURE VESSEL MARKET AND END USERS
MAJOR END USERS FOR PRESSURE VESSEL MARKET ARE:
KEY DEVELOPMENTS: PRESSURE VESSEL MARKET
MATERIAL INSIGHTSPRODUCT INSIGHTS
END-USE INSIGHTS
REGIONAL INSIGHTS
SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS MARKET POSITION
END-USE INSIGHTS
REGIONAL INSIGHTS
KEY COMPANIES
CRYOGENIC TANKS MARKET POSITION
CRYOGENIC LIQUID INSIGHTS
APPLICATION INSIGHTS
END-USER INSIGHTS
KEY COMPANIES
SUPPLIERS OF PRESSURE VESSEL
SUPPLIERS OF HEAT EXCHANGER
SUPPLIERS OF CRYOGENIC TANKS
SUPPLIERS OF MACHINERIES
METAL SHEET LASER CUTTING MACHINE
NC DISHING PRESS WITH MANIPULATOR
EOT CRANE- 20-100 TON
WELDING ROTATOR- 5 TON
SAW WELDING MACHINE WITH BOOM
ARC WELDING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS OF M.S PLATE
SUPPLIERS OF M.S. PIPE
SUPPLIERS OF MILD STEEL ROD (M.S ROD)
SUPPLIERS OF SS SHEET
SUPPLIERS OF SS BAR
SUPPLIERS OF SS PIPE AND TUBE
SUPPLIERS OF HYDROCLORIC ACID
SUPPLIERS OF MIG WELDING WIRE ELECTRODE
SUPPLIERS OF COATING AND PAINTING MATERIAL
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
SUPPLIERS OF POWER PRESS
SUPPLIERS OF SHEARING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF ROLLING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF BENDING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF UNCOILING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF SHEET LAVELING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF PUNCHING PRESS
SUPPLIERS OF CNC PLASMA CUTTING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF MILLING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF CNC LATHE MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF BOARING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF GRINDING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF SEAM WELDING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF SPOT WELDING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF MIG WELDING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF BUTT WELDING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF POWDER COATING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF PAINTING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF PAINTING BOOTH
SUPPLIERS OF PRECISION MEASURING TOOLS
SUPPLIERS OF NDT INSPECTION EQUIPMENT
SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF DG SETS
SUPPLIERS OF EOT CRANES
SUPPLIERS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS
SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRICAL PANEL
SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRIC MOTOR
SUPPLIERS OF COOLING TOWER
SUPPLIERS OF EFFULENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP PLANT)
SUPPLIERS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF AIR COMPRESSORS
SUPPLIERS OF PLATFORM WEIGHING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF SHOT BLASTING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF JIGS AND FIXTURE
SUPPLIERS OF SUBMERSIBLE WATER PUMP
DG MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIERS
LAB EQUIPMENTS MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
STORAGE LAYOUT:
EQUIPMENT LAYOUT:
SAFETY:
PLANT EXPANSION:
FLOOR SPACE:
UTILITIES SERVICING:
BUILDING:
MATERIAL-HANDLING EQUIPMENT:
RAILROADS AND ROADS:
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
PRIMARY FACTORS
1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
2. MARKETS:
3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
4. WATER SUPPLY:
5. CLIMATE:
SPECIFIC FACTORS
6. TRANSPORTATION:
A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES
7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
8. LABOR:
9. REGULATORY LAWS:
10. TAXES:
11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
1. DEPRECIATION:
2. FIXED ASSETS:
3. WORKING CAPITAL:
4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
6. MARGIN MONEY:
7. TOTAL LOAD:
8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT HANDLING
PROJECT SCHEDULING
PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
TIME SCHEDULE
PLANT LAYOUT
ORGANIZATION CHART
LIST OF DOCUMENTS REQUIRED TO GET FOR LICENSES
DOCUMENTS:
OTHER LICENSES REQUIRED FOR THE SETUP:
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
