POLYSTYRENE
[EIRI/EDPR/1028] J.C.: 9669
INTRODUCTION
Polystyrene (IUPAC poly(1-phenylethene-1,2-diyl)) also known as Thermocole, abbreviated following ISO Standard PS, is an aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene, a liquid hydrocarbon that is manufactured from petroleum by the chemical industry. Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics, the scale being several billion kilograms per year.
Polystyrene is a thermoplastic substance, which is in solid (glassy) state at room temperature, but flows if heated above its glass transition temperature of about 100 °C (for molding or extrusion), and becomes solid again when cooled. Pure solid polystyrene is a colorless, hard plastic with limited flexibility. It can be cast into molds with fine detail. Polystyrene can be transparent or can be made to take on various colors.
Solid polystyrene is used, for example, in disposable cutlery, plastic models, CD and DVD cases, and smoke detector housings. Products made from foamed polystyrene are nearly ubiquitous, for example packing materials, insulation, and foam drink cups.
Polystyrene can be recycled, and has the number "6" as its recycling symbol. The increasing oil prices have increased the value of polystyrene for recycling. No known microorganism has yet been shown to biodegrade polystyrene, and it is often abundant as a form of pollution in the outdoor environment, particularly along shores and waterways especially in its low density cellular form.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 10 MT/Day
Land & Building (25,000 sq.mt.) Rs. 16.10 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 6.09 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 4.94 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 27.86 Cr
Rate of Return 14%
Break Even Point 67%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
STRUCTURE
POLYMERIZATION
ATACTIC POLYSTYRENE
ISOTACTIC AND SYNDIOTACTIC POLYSTYRENE
DEGRADATION
FORMS PRODUCED
POLYSTYRENE IS USED IN SOME POLYMER-BONDED EXPLOSIVES:
SHEET OR MOLDED POLYSTYRENE
DISPOSABLE POLYSTYRENE RAZOR
FOAMS
EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE
EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE FOAM
COPOLYMERS
ORIENTED POLYSTYRENE
DISPOSAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
RECYCLING
THE RESIN IDENTIFICATION CODE SYMBOL FOR POLYSTYRENE
INCINERATION
REDUCING
FINISHING
SOME ACCEPTABLE FINISHING MATERIALS ARE
FIRE HAZARDS
POLYSTYRENE USES AND APPLICATIONS
GLOBAL STYRENE MARKET
POLYSTYRENE FOAM
POLYURETHANE FOAM
RECONSTITUTED FOAM
POLYETHYLENE FOAM
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT USES OF POLYSTYRENE?
MARKET SURVEY
POLYSTYRENE: OVERVIEW IN INDIA
PRODUCTION
IMPORTS & EXPORTS
INDUSTRY
USAGE
BUSINESS CONCERNS
KEY SUCCESS FACTORS
BUSINESS CONCERNS
FUTURE
FUTURE OUTLOOK
DEMAND DRIVERS
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POLYSTYRENE
METHODS 1 TO 3 AND COMPARATIVE METHODS 1 TO 5
SOLUTION VISCOSITY:
METHOD 4
COMPARATIVE METHOD 6
POLYSTYRENE PROCESS
METHOD
HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYSTYRENE AND METHOD
METHOD 1
METHOD 2
METHOD 3
METHOD 4
PROCESS FOR MAKING POLYSTYRENE
MATERIALS
CATION GENERATOR
REACTOR VESSEL
SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
METHOD 1
TABLE 3
FIRE RETARDANT POLYSTYRENE
THE PRESENT METHOD PROVIDES A COMPOSITION COMPRISING
METHOD 1
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING-IMPACT POLYSTYRENE
THE PROCESS ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT METHOD MAKES IT POSSIBLE:
METHOD 1
TABLE 2
METHOD 3
APPARATUS FOR EXPANDABLE POLYSTYRENE (EPS) PELLETS
POLYSTYRENE BEADS
POLYSTYRENE PROCESSING APPARATUS AND METHOD
PLANT LAYOUT
POLYSTYRENE MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS SOUTH AFRICA
SOUTH AFRICAN POLYSTYRENE MANUFACTURERS
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF POLYSTYRENE RESINS
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF POLYSTYRENE POLYMERS
CHEMICAL PLANT MACHINES
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
