INDUCTION MOTORS (SINGLE AND THREE PHASE)
[EIRI/EDPR/4652] J.C. 2869XL
INTRODUCTION
One of the most common electrical motor used in most applications is known as Induction motor. This motor is also called as asynchronous motor because it runs at a speed less than synchronous speed. Synchronous speed is the speed of rotation of the magnetic field in a rotary machine and it depends upon the frequency and number poles of the machine. An induction motor always runs at a speed less than synchronous speed because the rotating magnetic field which is produced in the stator will generate flux in the rotor which will make the rotor to rotate, but due to the lagging of flux current in the rotor with flux current in the stator, the rotor will never reach to its rotating magnetic field speed i.e. the synchronous speed. There are basically two types of induction motor that depend upon the input supply. They are:
1. Single phase induction motor and
2. Three phase induction motor
Single phase induction motor is not a self-starting motor and three phase induction motor is a self-starting motor. In general we need to give two supply i.e. double excitation to make a machine to rotate. For example if we consider a DC motor, we will give one supply to the stator and another to the rotor through brush arrangement.
Working Principle of Induction Motor
In induction motor we give only one supply, so it is really interesting to know that how it works. It is very simple, from the name itself we can understand that there is induction process occurred. Actually when we are giving the supply to the stator winding, flux will generate in the coil due to flow of current in the coil. Now the rotor winding is arranged in such a way that it becomes short circuited in the rotor itself. The flux from the stator will cut the coil in the rotor and since the rotor coils are short circuited, according to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, current will start flowing in the coil of the rotor. When the current will flow, another flux will get generated in the rotor. Now there will be two fluxes, one is stator flux and another is rotor flux and the rotor flux will be lagging to the stator flux. Due to this, the rotor will feel a torque which will make the rotor to rotate in the direction of rotating magnetic flux. So the speed of the rotor will be depending upon the ac supply and the speed can be controlled by varying the input supply. This is the working principle of an induction motor of either type.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 100 Nos/Day
Land & Building (2000 sq.mt.) Rs. 95.55 Lac
Plant & Machinery Rs. 1.89 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 2.90 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 6.06 Cr
Rate of Return 20%
Break Even Point 67%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
INDUCTION MOTOR
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF INDUCTION MOTOR
TYPES OF INDUCTION MOTOR
SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR:
SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR WAS CLASSIFIED INTO FOUR TYPES
THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR:
THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR WAS CLASSIFIED INTO TWO TYPES
THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
STATOR:
ROTOR:
WORKING OF THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR PRODUCTION OF ROTATING
MAGNETIC FIELD:
SECRETS BEHIND THE ROTATION:
THUS THE THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR IS:
CONSTRUCTION OF THREE PHASE IM
THE OTHER PARTS, WHICH ARE REQUIRED TO COMPLETE THE INDUCTION MOTOR, ARE:
STATOR OF THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
THE STATOR OF THE THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR CONSISTS OF THREE MAIN PARTS:
1. STATOR FRAME:
2. STATOR CORE:
3. STATOR WINDING OR FIELD WINDING:
TYPES OF THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
1. SQUIRREL CAGE THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR:
ADVANTAGES OF SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION ROTOR
APPLICATIONS:
SLIP RING OR WOUND THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR:
ADVANTAGES OF SLIP RING INDUCTION MOTOR
APPLICATION:
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SLIP RING AND SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR
EFFICIENCY OF THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
THE SINGLE PHASE AC MOTORS ARE FURTHER CLASSIFIED AS:
CONSTRUCTION OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
STATOR:
ROTOR:
STATOR OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
ROTOR OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
WHY SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR IS NOT SELF STARTING?
HSN CODE
USES AND APPLICATION
FIELD OF APPLICATIONS
B.I.S./BRITISH STANDARD
GOVERNING INDIAN SPECIFICATION/STANDARD:
GOVERNING INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS:
BRITISH STANDARDS
DETAILS OF THE PRODUCT LICENSES TO OBTAINED:
COVERING RAW MATERIAL STANDARDS INDIAN/INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS:
MARKET SURVEY
IMPORT (RS LAKHS) OF A.C. SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTORS 3 PHASE TYPE
TOP 10 IMPORT (RS LAKHS) SOURCES OF A.C. SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTORS 3 PHASE TYPEDURING 2019-20
DATA ON EXPORTS FOR LAST THREE YEARS
EXPORT (RS LAKHS) OF A.C. SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTORS 3 PHASE TYPE
TOP 10 EXPORTS (RS LAKHS) DESTINATION OF A.C. SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTORS 3 PHASE TYPE DURING 2019-20
DEMAND IN THE DOMESTIC MARKET
DEMAND IN EXPORT MARKET
TOP 10 EXPORTERS OF ELECTRIC MOTORS; AC MOTORS, MULTI-PHASE, IN THE WORLD IN YEAR 2019 BY VALUE (USD MLN)
TOP 10 IMPORTERS OF ELECTRIC MOTORS; AC MOTORS, MULTI-PHASE, IN THE WORLD IN YEAR 2019 BY VALUE (USD MLN)
THE TECHNOLOGY EXISTING FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF THE PRODUCT & SUGGESTED MODERN TECHNOLOGY FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE MARKET:
THE IE EFFICIENCY CLASSES DEFINED AS:
IN MODERN DAY THE MAJOR CHALLENGE IN DESIGNING THE ROTATING MACHINE ARE:
ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS:
SQUIRREL CAGE ROTOR DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY:
THE SQUIRREL CAGE ROTORS ARE MANUFACTURED BY TWO WAYS:
COPPER DIE CAST ROTOR (DCR) TECHNOLOGY:
BENEFITS OF DIE CAST ROTOR TECHNOLOGY:
DIE CAST COPPER ROTORS CAN PROVIDE ADVANTAGES IN THREE WAYS:
MAJOR COMPANIES
PROCESS FLOW CHART
FLOW PROCESS CHART OF THE MANUFACTURING:
THE STEPS INVOLVED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELECTRIC MOTOR ARE AS FOLLOWS:
(A) STATOR ASSEMBLY
(B) ROTOR ASSEMBLY
(C) MACHINING OF OTHER PARTS
(D) FINAL ASSEMBLY
(E) TESTING
(F) PAINTING AND PACKING
RAW MATERIAL REQUIRED
ADDRESSES OF MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIER:
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIER
COLD ROLLED NON GRADE ELECTRICAL STEEL SUPPLIER:
CAST IRON SUPPLIER:
ALUMINIUM INGOTS- ALLOYED SUPPLIER:
WINDING WIRE OF ENAMELLED COPPER SUPPLIER:
DETAILS OF TEST FACILITIES AVAILABLE IN INDIA LIST OF
RECOGNIZED LABORATORIES:
DETAILS OF THE MACHINERY SUPPLIERS:
ALUMINIUM TUBE
COPPER WIRE
SUPPLIERS OIF PLANT AND EQUIPMENTS
PIPE CUTTING MACHINE
CNC TURRET PUNCH PRESS AND CNC PRESS BREAK
CNC PRESS
PUNCHING PRESS
POWER PRESS
BENDING MACHINE
MECHANICAL PRESS
CNC PLASMA CUTTING MACHINE
CNC SHEET BENDING MACHINE
DRILLING MACHINE
POWER HACSAW
GRINDING MACHINE
ELECTRICAL PANEL
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS
AIR COMPRESSORS
PLATFORM WEIGHING MACHINE
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
JIGS AND FIXTURE
LAB EQUIPMENTS SUPPLIERS
DG SET MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIER
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
PRIMARY FACTORS
1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
2. MARKETS:
3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
4. WATER SUPPLY:
5. CLIMATE:
SPECIFIC FACTORS
6. TRANSPORTATION:
A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES
7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
8. LABOR:
9. REGULATORY LAWS:
10. TAXES:
11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
1. DEPRECIATION:
2. FIXED ASSETS:
3. WORKING CAPITAL:
4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
6. MARGIN MONEY:
7. TERM LOANS:
8. TOTAL LOAD:
9. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
MANPOWER
GENERAL
BASIS OF ESTIMATION
UTILITIES
POWER
WORKING
TOTAL MANPOWER AND PAYROLL
SWOL ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS
OPPORTUNITIES
WEAKNESS
LIMITATIONS
PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION
ORGANIATION CHART
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
