CEMENT GRINDING UNIT
[CODE NO.4099]
Cement is a material with adhesive and cohesive properties which make it capable of bonding minerals fragments into a compact whole. For constructional purposes, the meaning of the term "cement" is restricted to the bonding materials used with stones, sand, bricks, building stones, etc.
TYPES OF CEMENTS:
Cement may be hydraulic or non-hydraulic:
1) Non-hydraulic cements (e.g. gypsum plaster) must be kept dry in order to retain their strength.
2) Hydraulic cements harden because of hydration, chemical reactions that occur independently of the mixture's water content; they can harden even underwater or when constantly exposed to wet weather. The chemical reaction that results when the anhydrous cement powder is mixed with water produces hydrates that are not water-soluble.
Hydraulic cement may be:
i) Portland cements
ii) Natural cements
iii) Expansive cements
iv) High-alumina cements
PORTLAND CEMENT. It is hydraulic cement that hardens in water to form a water-resistant compound. Made by finely clinker
The cements of interest in the making of concrete have the property of setting and hardening under water by virtue of a chemical reaction with it and are, therefore, called hydraulic cement. The name "Portland cement" given originally due to the resemblance of the color and quality of the hardened cement to Portland stone – Portland Island in England.
Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general usage in many parts of the world, as it is a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco and most non-specialty grout. It is a fine powder produced by grinding Portland cement clinker (the solid material produced by the cement kiln stage that has sintered into lumps or nodules, typically of diameter 1-25 mm) (more than 90%), a maximum of about 5% gypsum which controls the set time, and up to 5% minor constituents (as allowed by various standards). As defined by the European Standard EN197.1, "Portland cement clinker is a hydraulic material which shall consist of at least two-thirds by mass of calcium silicates (3CaO.SiO2 and 2CaO.SiO2), the remainder consisting of aluminium- and iron-containing clinker phases and other compounds. The ratio of CaO to SiO2 shall not be less than 2.0. The magnesium content (MgO) shall not exceed 5.0% by mass."
Portland cement clinker is made by heating, in a kiln, a homogeneous mixture of raw materials to a sintering temperature, which is about 1450 °C for modern cements. The aluminium oxide and iron oxide are present as a flux and contribute little to the strength.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 250 Ton/Day
Land & Building (8000 sq.mt.) Rs. 4.92 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 4.17 Cr
Working Capital for 1 Month Rs. 2.76 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 12.23 Cr
Rate of Return 28%
Break Even Point 59%
- INTRODUCTION
- TYPES OF CEMENTS:
- HYDRAULIC CEMENT MAY BE:
- TYPES OF PORTLAND CEMENT
- 1. WHITE CEMENT
- 2. MODIFIED PORTLAND CEMENT
- 3. RAPID HARDENING OR HIGH EARLY STRENGTH CEMENT (TYPE III)
- 4. QUICK SETTING CEMENT
- 5. LOW HEAT CEMENT
- 6. SULPHATE RESISTANT PORTLAND CEMENT
- 7. WATER REPELLENT PORTLAND CEMENT
- 8. WATER PROOF PORTLAND CEMENT
- 9. HIGH ALUMINA CEMENT
- 10. PORTLAND SLAG CEMENT
- 11. AIR ENTRAINING CEMENT
- 12. PORTLAND POZZOLANA CEMENT
- 13. SUPERSULPHATED CEMENT
- 14. MASONRY CEMENT
- 15. EXPANSIVE OR EXPANDING CEMENT
- BASICS OF CEMENT INDUSTRY
- PROPERTIES
- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CEMENT
- SETTING TIME
- TESTS:
- CONSISTENCY
- THE DEPTH DEPENDING ON THE CONSISTENCY
- SOUNDNESS
- TEST FOR SOUNDNESS
- FINENESS
- TEST FOR FINENESS
- STRENGTH
- DURATION OF TESTING
- TYPICALLY, DURATIONS OF TESTING ARE:
- COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
- RAW MATERIALS AND CEMENT
- USES AND APPLICATIONS
- B.I.S SPECIFICATION
- MARKET OVERVIEW OF CEMENT IN INDIA
- MARKET OVERVIEW
- EXPORT AND IMPORT OF CEMENT
- INSTALLED CAPACITY & KEY MARKETS IN EACH OF THE GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
- RECENT STRATEGIES
- SUCCESSFUL USE OF ALTERNATE FUELS IN CEMENT PRODUCTION
- GROWTH DRIVERS AND OPPORTUNITIES
- GOVERNMENT BUDGET ALLOCATION AND SCHEMES
- INVESTMENT SCENARIO
- SEQUENCES IN CEMENT GRINDING
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS
- STEPS
- TRANSFER OF CEMENT TO SILO:
- PROCESS OF PACKING AND LOADING PLANT:
- 1. TRANSFER OF CEMENT FROM SILO TO PACKERS:
- 2. PACKING OF CEMENT BAGS:
- 3. LOADING OF CEMENT BAGS AND BULK LOADING:
- PROCESS FLOW CHART
- PROCESSING DETAILS IN CEMENT GRINDING
- COMPOSITION OF CEMENT GRINDING UNIT
- QUALITY CONTROL
- BALL MILL
- PACKAGING & SHIPPING
- QUALITY ASSURANCE
- FAQ ABOUT CEMENT CLINKER GRINDING PLANT
- CEMENT GRINDING UNIT
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIAL
- SUPPLIERS OF CLINKER
- SUPPLIERS OF GYPSUM
- COMPLETE PLANT AND MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
- SUPPLIERS OF CLINKER
- SUPPLIERS OF GYPSUM
- COMPLETE PLANT SUPPLIERS
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERIES
- SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATIC GRINDING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF JAW CRUSHER
- SUPPLIERS OF BUCKET ELEVATOR
- SUPPLIERS OF BELT CONVEYOR
- SUPPLIERS OF BALL MILL
- SUPPLIERS OF BAG PACKAGING MACHINES
- SUPPLIERS OF DG SETS
- SUPPLIERS OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENT
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
