CARDANOL FROM C.N.S.L. (CASHEWNUT SHELL LIQUID)
[EIRI/EDPR/1436] J.C. 215
INTRODUCTION
Cardanol oil, a renewable raw material well known by product of the cashew industry, has been used as the starting material for the synthesis of novel fulleropyrrolidines cardanol based. In this work, cardanol has been used as building block for the preparation of target cardanol based precursors obtained by the way of the convenient transformation of the functional groups (aromatic ring, -OH group or the double bonds of the side chain) of the cardanolic structure. Pure 3-n-pentadecylphenol and its derivatives having homogeneous chemical composition, used as the precursor of any fulleropyrrolidines, have been prepared by hydrogenation of the un-saturated side chain and subsequent alkylation of the aromatic ring of cardanol. The reactivity of olefinic double bond present in the side-chain which can undergo easy transformation i.e. oxirane formation as well as metathesis reactions affording various interesting fulleropyrrolidines is also described.
Cashew nut shell liquid or oil obtained by heat treatment contains about 10% cardol and about 90% cardanol (a vessicant oil liquid) resulting from decarboxylating anacordic acid and its polymers. Formerly, a moister product of the cashew kernel industry in southern India, Cashew nut shell oil has become a valuable raw material in the manufacture of many industrial product. It condenses with formaldehyde and other chemicals into resin that can be used in many unique combination for the manufacture of brake lining, clutch and other friction facings, insulating and water proofing varnishes and coating laminating resins, molding composition oil & acid proof cement & industrial floor tile, type writer rolls and myriad other products, varnishes made with these resin are resistant to acid and alkalies and possess unusual resistance to the softening action of mineral oil; they are used to coat paper for bottle cap liners and for many other water proofing and insulating purposes.
The polymerized liquid is used as a potting compound for magnetoelectric machine armatures in air planes because of its high heat resistance subsequent treatment of the polymerized product with formaldehyde, trioxymethylene, paraformaldehyde or furfuraldehyde at room temperature for 24-72 h produced a substantially infusible solid resin that retains high binding power at elevated temperature without softening hydrogenation of the phenol in the oil produced many useful products such as a cosolvent for rotovore in the preparation of insecticides. The hydrogenaled oil has none of the vesicant action of the original liquid cashew nut shell oil also is used in India for protecting wood and paper against termites and for motor roofing and preserving fish nets, textiles and lumber.
The cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is a byproduct & the cashew nut processing industry cashew nut trees are found in Kamataka, Kerela and Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra etc. About 60,000 tons of nuts are collected annually for processing into kernels and in addition 50,000 tons and received from East Africa. Oil is extracted from 1/3 rd of the available nuts.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 5 MT/Day
Land & Building (2000 sq.mt.) Rs. 1.44 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 93.35 Lac
Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 74.99 Lac
Total Capital Investment Rs. 3.32 Cr
Rate of Return 29%
Break Even Point 53%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES
USES & APPLICATION
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
MARKET SURVEY
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARDANOL
PROCESS ACCORDING TO THE METHOD
DETERMINATION OF COLOR STABILITY
CARDANOL BASED DIMERS
PROCESS FLOWSHEET FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDANOL RESIN
COMPLETE PLANT AND EQUIPMENTS SUPPLIERS FOR CARDANOL RESIN
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS/EXPORTERS OF CARDANOL RESIN
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
PLANT & MACHINERIES SUPPLIERS ADDRESS
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
GENERAL PLANT LAYOUT
TOLERANCE LIMITS FOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT DISCHARGE
EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
LIST OF FOOD AND AGRO PROCESSING CONSULTANTS
PLANT LAYOUT
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
CALCULATION
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)