LEATHER SHOES
[EIRI/EDPR/1055] J.C.: 9699
INTRODUCTION
Since the time, mankind discovered leather as a protective material for the foot, chappals in different forms were made. In the beginning chappals had only fuctional utility, i.e. to protect foot form thorns, insects etc. Today in addition to fuctional utility chappals have also become an item of fashion and also form a part of dress which has necessiated changes in the manufacturing process. Today chappels are used by simple villageers, farmers, common people of urban areas ans also by the rich people. To cope up with the requirement of different types of materials and by different manufacturing process is cemented construction. These cemented sole chappals with decorative, plain or odourful straps, have become very popular. This type of chappals have also found a good overseas market.
In certain cases, it becomes economical and advantageous for the industry to buy, than to make, with their justification, a number of footwear industries are in developed countries procure ready made components as per their specifications, namely, stiffeners, toe puffs etc. Previously procurements of components were made from local and nearby units. To bring down the cost of production, further, these units started importing these components especially closed uppers from other countries who were able to supply these at lesser price due to availability of raw materials and cheaper labour cost in those countries.
The practice of procuring components and assembling is not much prevalent in India footwear industries till today. About one and half decade ago, only a few units started making closed developed countries. In the beginning, there these units started faced difficulties in maintaining quality as per specifications of the buyers, but soon they got over these difficulties.
There is great export potential if one can manufacture closed leather uppers of required quality at the prevalent price.
It is also felt that in future a number of footwear manufacturing units in India will start procuring components like closed uppers, units, soles, heels etc and assemble them in places of manufacturing a complete footwear.
The Indian footwear industry can be divided into two broad categories, namely, small scale and cottage industry or organized sector and large scale on the organized sector. Scientific production and marketing techniques are well known to the organized and (large scale sector) are essential part of their organization and management plant. However in footwear the large scale and the small scale sectors acts as complementary to each other.
The small scale footwear industry in general is not communicative and reserved. The need coaking and even spoon feeding, at the initial stages to get interested in the economic conditions and lack of education among the small scale footwear units.
Fashion may come and go, leather antique is well as modern. Its substitutes are only its poor supplements. There is nothing like, leather. India is about to take a lead in the manufacturing of leather and leather products and top the list in the world within this century.
Leather industry is one of the oldest cottage industries of India. Here the industry flourished in conditions of natural advantage offered by the largest cattle population in the world.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 5000 Pairs/Day
Land & Building (5000 sq.mt.) Rs. 3.50 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 1.18 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 12.25 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 17.18 Cr
Rate of Return 80%
Break Even Point 23%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
MARKET SURVEY
BRANDS SOURCED FROM INDIA:
BESIDES, MAJOR BRANDS ARE SOURCED FROM INDIA, MNC BRANDS ARE SOLD IN INDIA AND INDIAN BRANDS SOLD IN INDIA.
FOOTWEAR IMPORTS GLOBAL TREND:
MAJOR IMPORTING COUNTRIES OF FOOTWEAR (LEATHER AND NON-LEATHER)
MAJOR EXPORTING COUNTRIES OF FOOTWEAR (LEATHER AND NON-LEATHER)
FOOTWEAR – GLOBAL SCENARIO AND INDIA’S SHARE
INDIA’S FOOTWEAR EXPORT GROWTH OVER THE LAST FOUR DECADES
MAJOR MARKETS:
FOOTWEAR EXPORTS – TO MAJOR MARKETS – 2010-11
A STATEMENT SHOWING INDIA’S EXPORT OF FOOTWEAR TO
DIFFERENT COUNTRIES:
PARTNERSHIPS THAT SPELL SUCCESS
INDIAN FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY POISED FOR GROWTH
MANUFACTURERS/EXPORTERS OF LEATHER SHOES
ANSAR & COMPANY
B.I.S. SPECIFICATIONS
TABLE. 1 PHYSICAL REQUIREMENT FOR SHOE UPPER LEATHER FOR DIRECT MOULDING PROCESS
TABLE. 2 CHEMICAL REQUIREMNETS FOR SHOE UPPER LEATHER FOR DIRECT MOULDING PROCESS
SOLING MATERIAL USAGE:-
UPPER MATERIALS USAGE:-
LINING:-
PADDING/CUSHION:-
INSOLE:-
PVC BLOWN:-
SOCKS INSOLE:-
MID SOLE:-
KINDS OF MANUFACTURING
1. GOODYEAR SYSTEM:-
2. MACHTEY SYSTEM:-
3. CEMENTED SYSTEM:-
4. INJECTION SYSTEM:-
5. DIRECT VULCANIZING SYSTEM:-
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE OF THE ABOVE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM ARE STATED AS FOLLOWING.
LEATHER TREATMENT
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE 4
EXAMPLE 5
THE DATA COMPUTED IN THIS SERIES OF TESTS IS SHOWN IN TABLE III BELOW:
EXAMPLE 6
EXAMPLE 7
EXAMPLE 8
EXAMPLE 9
EXAMPLE 10
EXAMPLE 11
LEATHER SHOE
PERFECTFIT SYSTEM FOR LEATHER SHOES
FIG. 1. THE CONTENTS OF THE PERFECTFIT SYSTEM KIT IN A PERSPECTIVE VIEW:
FIG. 2. DIFFERENT VIEWS OF THE HEATING BAG STRUCTURE AND CONTENTS
FIG. 3. DEMONSTRATION OF THE PERFECTFIT SYSTEM AT WORK ARTIFICIAL LEATHER SHOE
OTHER ESPECIALLY PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE METHOD ARE GIVEN BELOW IN A-G:
A. A LAMINATED SHEET MATERIAL, INCLUDING, IN ORDER:
B. A LAMINATED SHEET MATERIAL, INCLUDING, IN ORDER:
EXAMPLES
FINENESS OF ULTRAFINE FIBERS
COLOR DIFFERENCE
POLYMER ELONGATION AT BREAK
PRODUCTION EXAMPLE 1
PRODUCTION EXAMPLE 2
PRODUCTION EXAMPLE 3
EXAMPLE 1
DYE COMPOSITION
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE 3
EXAMPLE 4
TOP LAYER FORMATION METHOD
ADHESIVE LAYER
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3
TABLE 1
EXAMPLE 5
EXAMPLE 6
EXAMPLE 7
LEATHER SHOE
EXAMPLES
LEATHER SHOES
CHROMIUM-FREE, WATERPROOF LEATHER
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE 3
EXAMPLE 4
EXAMPLE 5
EXAMPLE 6
EXAMPLE 7
EXAMPLE 8
EXAMPLE 9
EXAMPLE 10
EXAMPLE 11
WATER PROOFNESS:
EXAMPLE 12
WATER PROOFNESS:
NEW KIND OF SHOE MAKING
APPLYING THE CHEMISTRY AND NEW TECHNOLOGY:-
MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BOTTOM PARTS:-
B. MACHINES IN THE LASTING ROOM:-
C. MACHINES FOR APPLYING ADHESIVES:-
ADHESIVES ARE APPLIED ON MOVING PARTS:-
IN SPORT JOINING TWO PARTS
D. DRYING, SETTING AND CONVEYING SYSTEM:-
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENTS
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)